To meet the growing expectation of traveling public, world railways are going ahead in a big way to introduce high speed trains Electric railways require huge amounts of energy. Many rail networks run their own dedicated power plants. With a view to augment the capacity of the rail networks grid connection so as to make the railway self-reliant, a grid tied PV solar plant with battery storage has been proposed. The present concept is based on installing solar panels along the length of a HS rail network so that the ballast-less tracks could be used as energy carriers. Ballast less tracks require little or no maintenance, and the space along the tracks provides a large surface area on which arrays of PV modules can be mounted to generate electricity from sunlight. An example demonstrates that a 330 MW grid connected PV solar plant with battery storage for the Mumbai–Ahmedabad high speed rail link, generates electricity at $1.67 106 /MW output and levelized electricity cost at 12.05 c/kWh. Net saving in tariff after payback period is about $ 58 million per annum.
⎯ diesel emissions from ships are some of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). This paper proposes the feasibility of implementing grid-like batteries-onboard ocean-going vessels along with an offshore electric charging station (OECS) to offer fully electric sailing across longer distances. The (OECS) is proposed to be built in deep waters along commercial shipping routes. Such an installation has a floating solar plant, in conjunction with a battery energy storage system to meet the charging demands of an all-electric ship (AES). The technology was evaluated based on a case study of an AES cargo vessel traveling between Mumbai and Dubai with a one-stop midway (at an OECS) for recharging batteries. When compared to a diesel ship, the AES showed savings of 5,627,293liters of diesel/yr and a reduction of 19,823 tonnes of CO2. The study shows that the integration of an OECS along with the AES concept is feasible, and represents a major milestone in bringing emission-free technology to the marine sector.
The design of an Improved Hybrid Solar Wind Turbine (IHSWT) is described in which solar and wind are combined and converted into a single energy source. It consists of installing solar panels on the south-facing façade of the wind turbine tower. To capture maximum sunlight, the solar panels below the turbine blade, are mounted on extended cantilever arms and arranged in a semi-circular skirt around the perimeter of the tower face. This is an improvement on the previous design as more panels can be installed allowing for greater capture of solar irradiance. Data of an NREL 8 MW reference wind turbine is used for comparison to evaluate the performance and cost of the proposed IHSWT. From the results it is clear that IHSWT offers a reduced levelized cost of energy (LCOE), even after allowing for shading losses from the turbine blade, and a much steadier production of energy. The introduction of IHSWT would help to make wind farms a more cost-effective and competitive source of clean energy.
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