Cationic polyurethane‐fluorinated acrylate hybrid dispersions (PUFA) were prepared by the copolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and 2,2,3,4,4,4‐hexafluorobutyl methacrylate in the medium of crosslinked polyurethane via phase inversion polymerization. The said polyurethane was synthesized in acetone from 2,4‐tolyene diisocyanate, N‐methyldiethanolamine, trimethylolpropane, and soft polyester diol block. The influences of hydrophilic monomer on the surface properties, immersion behaviors, particle size and, zeta potential of the dispersions were investigated. The results show that the addition of hydrophilic monomer can be advantaged to the stability of dispersions and yet will increase the surface free energy by more than 19.9%. The PUFA coating films cured at ambient conditions have the lower surface free energy (less than 0.02033 J/m2). At the same time, there is an obvious mobility of fluorinated groups in fluorinated polymer films. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006
Background:Intravesical instillations of live-attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) are a well-known and effective method for prevention and treatment of bladder carcinoma and carcinoma in situ. Although considered a safe procedure with rare side effects, local and systemic complications may occur. While long bone ostemolyelitis has been well described, very few reports of BCG spondylodiscitis exist in the literature.Case Description:A 67-year-old man developed low back pain, anorexia, and weight loss 11 months after a 6-week course of intravesical BCG instillations for the treatment of bladder carcinoma in situ. Imaging studies revealed L1-L2 spondylodiscitis with epidural and bilateral psoas abscesses. Tissue cultures obtained by percutaneous computed tomography-guided aspiration were positive for Mycobacterium bovis. Despite triple antituberculous therapy (isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol), clinical and radiological progression occurred. Therefore, L1 and L2 corpectomies with extensive debridement were performed, followed by 360° anterior-posterior instrumented fusion. After 20 months of follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic and recurrence-free.Conclusion:Mycobacterium bovis spondylodiscitis is a rare complication of intravesical BCG therapy. Although medical therapy with antituberculous agents is the first-line treatment, surgical decompression, debridement, and stabilization may be necessary in refractory cases.
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