Juice was extracted from lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L. var. Altaj and perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne L. var. Mellej. The removal of pigmented material from the juice, by the destabilisation of the colloidally suspended chloroplastic particles, using a number of flocculants in combination with pH adjustment, was studied. Although the addition of calcium and magnesium ions partially precipitated pigmented material, Superfloc A1 50, a polyanionic polyacrylamide flocculant, was more effective. pH adjustments, both before and after the addition of this flocculant, led to two possible methods for precipitating completely pigmented material, a one-stage process where one pH adjustment and centrifugation was used, and a two-stage process where two pH adjustments and centrifugations were made. These processes allowed the recovery of a 'white' protein suitable for use in human food formulations.
The paper describes the results of consumer research undertaken by the Co-operative Wholesale Society which influenced it to develop a code of practice for labelling prepacked foods. Areas where consumers feel they are misled by current labelling practice are highlighted. The content of the code is described against a background of current legal requirements. Its principal areas of application concern the name of the food, origin marking, presentation, nutrition labelling and claims and quantitative ingredient declaration. The further development of the code is outlined by reference to industry and consumer contributions and its potential within the Food Standards Agency.
SummaryBovine milk-fat globule membrane was solubilized with a zwitterionic surfactant and subjected to chromatography on agarose, with the surfactant in the eluant. Fractions were tested for their effects on the oxidation of buffered linoleate. The maximum oxidative capability was greatly enhanced by the addition of Cu, and became associated with the phospholipids.Further chromatography of the retarded protein peak from agarose on Sephadex G-200, again in the presence of surfactant, gave 2 protein peaks. Oxidative effectiveness resided almost entirely in the first peak, which was devoid of phospholipid, but high in xanthine oxidase activity. This fraction was subjected to isoelectric focusing, and the xanthine oxidase from this was highly pro-oxidative. Furthermore, its oxidative capability was almost doubled on heat treatment.
A study has been made of the tryptic inhibitory activity of leaf protein concentrate (LPC) prepared from several crops. The highest level of inhibition was found in LPC extracted from lucerne (500//,), compared with that from fescue, Italian ryegrass and quinoa, which contained about 20% tryptic inhibitory activity. No inhibitory activity was found in kale LPC when measured under the defined conditions. Aqueous extraction of LPC decreased inhibitory activity, but solvents (propan-2-01 and acetone) were ineffective. The inhibitory activity in lucerne LPC was reduced by autoclaving, but the inhibitors in fescue, Italian ryegrass and quinoa were heat stable. Phenolic compounds were implicated in the inhibitory activity of fescue and Italian ryegrass LPC. Kinetic studies of the inhibitory activity of standard LPC samples prepared from ltalian ryegrass, fescue and quinoa indicated that, in each instance, there was mixed inhibition.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.