NCT01526187.

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Anti-keratin polypeptide sera (K.P.S) were obtained by immunizing guinea pigs with fibrous proteins from stratum corneum, which were acquired from normal human epidermis by m eans of S.D.S. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. After absorption with red blood cells and liver powder the sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence technique on different substrates. Antibodies against polypeptides P1 and P2 of M.W. 67,000 and 62,000 dalton, respectively, were directed toward cytoplasmic Ag of keratinocytes of spinous and graunular layer of normal human and rabbit epidermis. No labeling could be detected in the basal cell layer. This finding is in favor of various differentiation stages of the keratinizing cells. P3 of M.W. 53,000 dalton induced low titre anibodies which labelled the whole epidermis, including the basal cell layer. The fourth polypeptide of M.W. 49,000 dalton seemed not to be immunogenic in such experiences. In tumors, such as basal cell carcinom,a squamous cell carcinoma, and warts, the expression of keratin antigens is markedly diminished. No analogy could be drawn between experimental keratin polypeptide antibodies and the human epidermal cytoplasmic antibodies which were detected in some patient sera.

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Background: Yellow fever vaccine (YFV) is not advised for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients because of the potential risk of post-vaccine relapses. Objective: To assess the risk of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) worsening after YFV. Methods: Non-interventional observational retrospective, exposed/non-exposed cohort study nested in the French national cohort including MS. Results: 128 RR-MS were included. The 1-year annualized relapse rate (ARR) following YFV did not differ between exposed: 0.219 (0.420) and non-exposed subjects: 0.208 (0.521) ( p = 0.92). Time to first relapse was not different between groups (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53–3.30, p = 0.54). Conclusion: These results suggest that YFV does not worsen the course of RR-MS.

was replaced in 2005 by a pertussis subunit vaccine. This acellular pertussis vaccine for children, which had been used since 1998 for adolescents only, contains either two or three bacterial proteins. The acellular pertussis vaccine for adults contains either three or five bacterial proteins in reduced doses compared with those used for children. Since 1966, childhood vaccination against these four diseases has been via a combined diphtheria-tetanus-wholecell-pertussis-inactivated-poliomyelitis vaccine, to which a vaccine against Haemophilus influenza b was added in 1992.The French vaccine calendar originally consisted of a primary vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and pertussis at age 3, 4 and 5 months and one booster at age 16-18 months. Since 1995, the primary vaccination has been administered at age 2, 3 and 4 months. 1 Boosters comprising a combined diphtheria-tetanus-inactivated-polio vaccine were administered at age 5-7 years, 11-13 years and 16-18 years, followed by a combined tetanus-inactivated-polio vaccine every 10 years thereafter. In 1998, recommendations stated that a combined vaccine including acellular pertussis vaccine and the three other vaccines should be administered at age 11-13 years and these recommendations were extended in 2004 to young adults of reproductive age and health-care workers in contact with newborn babies. A booster with a reduced dose of diphtheria toxoid was added for adult travellers in 1994. In 2005, adults were advised to receive a diphtheria-vaccine booster every 10 years.Since 1966, vaccination coverage has always been very high for primary vaccination (>93%) and the first booster (85-92%) in France. 2,3 In contrast, vaccination coverage is lower in people aged more than 16 years: 88.5% for tetanus vaccine, 66% for poliomyelitis and 57.1% for diphtheria in a study performed in 2002. 3 In subjects aged more than 65 years, boosters for tetanus, poliomyelitis and diphtheria had been received by only 60.5%, 19.3% and 10.5%, respectively, of the study population. 3 Vaccination against tetanus has resulted in the disappearance of this disease in children and adolescents in France. However, 67 cases of tetanus were reported between 2002 and 2004: 64 cases occurredIn this sero-epidemiological study, we investigated humoral immunity to three vaccine-preventable diseases-tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis-among 331 adults (aged 18-60 years) attending vaccination centres for travellers and who had been vaccinated according to national recommendations in France. Serological results showed that the percentage of subjects with antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus decreases with age. Results also confirmed surveillance data on vaccination in France, with 7.6% of the study population (13.4% of those aged 18-29 years) having recently acquired a pertussis infection. These results confirm the importance of following French recommendations for regular boosters for tetanus and diphtheria among adults. They also indicate the need for better implementation of the current recomm...