A series of serotonin dimers of formula 4 in which two serotonin moeities are linked together through their 5-hydroxyl residue has been prepared and evaluated as 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonists. Binding experiments at cloned human 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(1D), and 5-HT(1A) receptors show that all of these dimers are very potent ligands at 5-HT(1B/1D) receptors with increased binding selectivity vs the 5-HT(1A) receptor when compared to serotonin. Studies of inhibition of the forskolin-stimulated c-AMP formation mediated by the human 5-HT(1B) receptor (formerly the 5-HT(1Dbeta) receptor) demonstrate that all of these serotonin dimers behave as full agonists. Among them, the piperazide derivatives of bis-serotonin, 4g,j, were also identified as very potent agonists in contracting the New Zealand white rabbit saphenous vein (pD2 = 7.6 in each case compared to 5.8 for sumatriptan). Results analysis supports the hypothesis that the important increase in potency of the serotonin dimers can be attributed to the presence of two serotonin pharmacophores in the same molecule, while the enhanced selectivity for 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor subtypes may be due to the position of the spacer attachment to serotonin.
A series of new arylpiperazide derivatives of serotonin has been prepared and evaluated as 5-HT1D receptor agonists. Binding experiments at cloned human 5-HT1D alpha, 5-HT1D beta, and 5-HT1A receptors show that all the compounds are very potent and selective ligands for 5-HT1D receptor subtypes. Functional activity studies (contraction of the New Zealand white rabbit saphenous vein) demonstrate that most of the derivatives behave as full agonists. Among them, the aryl sulfonamide derivative 5q (pD2 = 8.33 compare to 5.75 for sumatriptan) was also identified as a very potent agonist in inhibiting the forskolin-mediated cyclase coupled to 5-HT1D beta receptors (EC50 = 0.52nM).
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