A key issue regarding the use of clathrates and semi-clathrate hydrates for practical gas storage is the pressure-temperature stability of the material. For many practical applications, the avoidance of cooling, gas overpressure, and mechanical mixing would be very desirable. Here, we show that porous emulsion-templated polymer supports greatly enhance methane uptake kinetics in tetra-iso-amylammonium bromide semi-clathrate hydrates without introducing complex mixing technologies. These systems show unprecedented thermal stability and can be decomposed upon demand to release the gas. Single crystal X-ray structure analysis of the semi-clathrates loaded with methane or krypton were obtained, confirming that the gases are stored in the dodecahedral A' and A'' cages
The use of inexpensive hydrogels as supports to significantly improve H2 enclathration kinetics and capacities in THF–H2O clathrate hydrate with respect to bulk solutions is demonstrated. Polymer hydrogels give rise to significant rate and capacity enhancements for hydrogen clathrate formation with respect to unmixed bulk systems, suggesting potential for accelerated gas-storage kinetics in clathrate-based technologies
Hybrid polymer coated silica nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using low temperature graft (co)polymerization of trimethoxysilane propyl methacrylate (MPTS) initiated by surface-active oligoperoxide metal complex (OMC) in aqueous media. These NPs were characterized by means of kinetic, solid-state NMR, TEM and FTIR techniques. Two processes, namely the radical graftcopolymerization due to presence of double bonds and 3D polycondensation provided by the intra-or/and intermolecular interaction of organosilicic fragments, occurred simultaneously. The relative contribution of the reactions depending on initiator concentration and pH value leading to the formation of low cured polydisperse microparticles or OMC coated SiO 2 NPs of controlled curing degree was studied. The availability of free-radical forming peroxide fragments on the surface of SiO 2 NPs provides an opportunity for seeded polymerization leading to the formation of the functional polymer coated NPs with controlled particle structure, size, and functionality. Encapsulation of the luminescent dye (Rhodamine 6G) in SiO 2 core of functionalized NPs provided a noticeable increase in their resistance to photobleaching and improved biocompatibility. These luminescent NPs were not only attached to murine leukemia L1210 cells but also tolerated by the mammalian cells. Their potential use for labeling of the mammalian cells is considered.
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