CONVERSION FACTORS Multiply By To obtain foot (ft) 0.3048 meter foot per second (ft/s) 0.3048 meter per second square foot (ft 2) 929.0 square centimeter cubic foot per second (ft 3 /s) 0.02832 cubic meter per second inch (in.) 2.54 centimeter inch per hour (in/hr) 2.54 centimeter per hour ABBREVIATIONS ADVM acoustic Doppler velocity meter Bay San Francisco Bay bins range gated sample volume Delta Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta GPS geographic positioning system < less than PST Pacific Standard Time UVM ultrasonic velocity meter mean velocity V i index velocity V p water velocity along the acoustic path

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Shallow subembayments respond differently than deep channels to physical forces acting in estuaries. The U.S. Geological Survey measured suspended-sediment concentrations at five locations in Honker Bay, a shallow subembayment of San Francisco Bay, and the adjacent channel to investigate the spatial and temporal differences between deep and shallow estuarine environments. During the first freshwater pulse of the wet season, the channel tended to transport suspended sediments through the system, whereas the shallow area acted as off-channel storage where deposition would likely occur. Following the freshwater pulse, suspended-sediment concentrations were greater in Honker Bay than in the adjacent deep channel, due to the larger supply of erodible sediment on the bed. However, the tidal variability of suspended-sediment concentrations in both Honker Bay and in the adjacent channel was greater after the freshwater pulse than before. During wind events, suspended-sediment concentrations in the channel were not affected; however, wind played a crucial role in the resuspension of sediments in the shallows. Despite wind-wave sediment resuspension in Honker Bay, tidally averaged suspended-sediment flux was controlled by the flooddominated currents.

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