RESUMENEl presente estudio aborda la excavación y análisis zooarqueológico y lítico de un pequeño alero con arte rupestre, ubicado en el curso medio del valle de Chacabuco (Patagonia central). Aunque el sitio y sus pictografías son conocidos desde hace años, su excavación permitió asociarlo con eventos de caza estival. La preparación y uso de variados artefactos líticos permite sospechar, sin embargo, de otras funciones dentro de visitas en un período restringido a unos pocos siglos. Una fecha de 2720±25 AP sugiere además que esta zona fue ocupada más regularmente y antes de lo que se creía, y aunque se confirma la relación con zonas orientales complementariamente al aprovechamiento de materias primas líticas locales.PALABRAS CLAVE: Patagonia, cazadores-recolectores, río Chacabuco, zooarqueología, sistema de asentamiento.
EXCAVATIONS AT ALERO GIANELLA, MIDDLE CHACABUCO VALLEy (CENTRAL PATAGONIAN ANDES) ABSTRACTThe present study addresses the excavation and faunal and lithic analysis of one small rock shelter with rock paintings on an Andean valley in South-Central Patagonia. Although the zooarchaeological context is largely concordant with summer hunting forays, the preparation and use of diverse lithic artefacts suggests other activities were performed at the site, besides its use as a hunting stand. A 2720±25 BP radiocarbon date at the base indicates also that this area was occupied earlier and perhaps more regularly than previously thought. Although the relationship with the eastern plains is confirmed, we observe also the use of local raw materials.
RESUMENSe presenta un análisis comparativo de las ocupaciones de cazadores recolectores en los sectores estepáricos altos de dos valles de la región de Aysén, correspondientes a las cuencas de los ríos Simpson y Cisnes. El estudio se basa en el análisis de materiales líticos hallados en sitios superficiales a cielo abierto. Se evalúan las características tecnológicas y la función de los conjuntos líticos mencionados y se consideran las reconstrucciones ambientales disponibles para ambos sectores. Se discute el aprovechamiento y gestión de los recursos líticos que conforman la oferta local, para dar luces respecto de la organización espacial de los grupos humanos que ocuparon estos espacios durante el Holoceno tardío.PALABRAS CLAVE: tecnología lítica, gestión de recursos, organización espacial.
LITHIC RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION OF HUNTER-GATHERERS IN THE STEPPE OF CISNES AND SIMPSON VALLEYS, AYSÉN REGION, CHILE ABSTRACTWe present a comparative analysis of hunter-gatherer occupations at the upper steppe portions of two valleys in the Aysén region, namely the Simpson and Cisnes basins. The study is based on the analysis of lithic materials located in the surface of open-air sites. We assess the technological characteristics and the function of the lithic assemblages and consider the available environmental reconstructions for each zone. The paper discusses the use and management of local lithic resources, in order to shed light on the spatial organization of the groups that occupied these areas during the late Holocene.
The reproductive structures of Austromegabalanus psittacus in two periods of sexual maturation were described. This organism is a simultaneous hermaphrodite, which transfers his sperm through an intromittent organ or penis. The male reproductive system consists of testes arranged in acini distributed in a tree-like structure, two vasa deferentia that come together to form the ejaculatory duct at the base of the penis. The female reproductive system consists mainly of a saccular ovary that surrounds the main body, which is internally organized into elongated acini bags containing oogonia and previtellogenic oocytes attached to the internal wall and free vitellogenic and mature oocyte within the lumen. Remarkable differences were observed in the ovaries between organisms collected in September and October. In September, they showed a yellowish ovary with two compact structures inside, called ovigerous lamellae with fertilized oocytes, embryos in different development stages and free nauplius in the body cavity, whereas in October the ovaries have a whitish in color and present a thick wall with a milky fluid inside.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.