PURPOSE:To fabricate a three-dimensional biomodels of intracranial aneurysms, using rapid prototyping technology, to facilitate optimal anatomical visualization of aneurysms prior to and during surgery. METHODS:Four intracranial aneurysms cases were selected for this study. Using CT angiography images, the rapid prototyping process was completed using a PolyJet technology machine. The size and morphology of the prototypes were compared to brain digital subtraction arteriography of the same patients. RESULTS:The biomodels reproduced the exact location and morphology of the intracranial aneurysms, particularly the necks, in lifesize dimensions and exactly the same as measured by digital subtraction arteriography. The arterial segments adjacent to the aneurysm and arteries anatomically known by the surgeon were also shown, which could guide the surgeon to the aneurysmal segment. The models showed an average unit cost of US$ 130 and each one took an average of 20 hours to be fabricated. CONCLUSIONS:It is possible to fabricate 3D physical biomodels of intracranial aneurysms from CT angiography images. These prototypes may be useful in the surgical planning for intracranial aneurysms to clarify the anatomy, define surgical techniques and facilitate the choice of suitable materials, such as clips and clip appliers.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the usefulness of a knee osteoarthritis model through functional, radiological and microscopic changes of the synovial membrane. METHODS:Forty eight rats were divided randomly into two groups. The first received 0.9% saline in the joint and corresponded to the control group. The second was submitted to experimental osteoarthritis of the right knee induced by monosodium iodoacetate and corresponded to the osteoarthritis group. All animals were subjected to comparative tests of forced ambulation and joint movements, inability to articulate and tactile allodynia on day 1 post-experiment by forced ambulation (Roto-rod test), joint assessment of disability (weight bearing test) and assessment of tactile allodynia (Von Frey test). After inflammatory induction they were divided into four subgroups corresponding to the scheduled death in 7, 14, 21 and 28 days when they were submitted to radiographic examination of the knee, arthrotomy and collection of the synovial membrane. RESULTS:The osteoarthritis group showed significant differences compared to control group on days 7 and 14 in Roto-rod, in weight bearing and Von Frey tests in all days, and in radiological evaluation. Microscopic examination of the synovial membrane showed abnormalities of inflammatory character at all stages. CONCLUSION:The osteoarthritis induced by intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate in rats knee is a good model to be used in related research, because it provides mensurable changes on joint movements, tactile allodynia, progressive radiological degeneration and microscopic inflammation of the synovial membrane, that represent markers for osteoarthritis evaluation

RESUMO – Racional: O impacto da infeção congênita e perinatal pelo CMV na saúde pública é muito relevante, sendo a infecção congênita mais predominante, porém pouco abordada. Objetivos: Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes com diagnóstico positivo para infecção congênita e perinatal por citomegalovírus. Métodos: Estudo observacional, analítico, transversal, com coleta de dados retrospectiva. Os dados foram obtidos segundo critérios demográficos, imunológicos, virológicos, terapêuticos e de análise dos exames de imagem.Resultados: Foram coletados dados de 35 pacientes que inicialmente receberam o diagnóstico, entretanto somente 17 preenchiam os critérios de inclusão. Conclusões: A amostra estudada foi de casos sintomáticos e reflete proporcionalmente pouco de uma doença tão prevalente. Isto se deve a dificuldade diagnóstica maternofetal; portanto, é importante enfocar e investir em pesquisa e novas ferramentas para um diagnóstico precoce

RESUMO – Na tentativa de controle de transmissão da COVID-19, os órgãos de saúde recomendaram isolamento domiciliar, distanciamento social e suspensão de serviços hospitalares não urgentes. Grande parte da população relutou em buscar atendimento médico. A hipótese levantada é que houve redução na incidência de internamentos e aumento na mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio durante a pandemia. Este estudo procurou comparar e analisar a incidência dos internamentos e mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio em cinco cidades brasileiras durante a pandemia (2020/2021) com um mesmo período (2019/2020) sem pandemia. É estudo ecológico no qual foram analisados registros comparativos da incidência de internamentos e mortalidade por infarto nas cinco capitais brasileiras. Em conclusão, houve decréscimo na incidência de internamentos durante a pandemia em todas as capitais analisadas, exceto Campo Grande, e redução na mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio em todas as capitais.

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease and has become the most prevalent public health problem worldwide. The impact of obesity on knee is strong and the BMI is correlated with the different alterations. Aim: Compare surgical visualization of arthroscopic field in partial meniscectomy in obese and non-obese. Method: Sixty patients were selected, 30 obese and 30 non-obese who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. The arthroscopic surgical procedures were recorded and analyzed. For the analysis of visualization was used the Johnson's classification (2000). Results: Were analyzed 48 men and 12 women, the average age was 42.9 years with BMI between 21.56 to 40.14 kg/m2. The distribution of visibility of the surgical field according to the classification was: grade 1 - 38/60 (63.3%); grade 2 - 13/60 (21.6%); grade 3 - 6/60 (10%); grade 4 - 3/60 (5%). Conclusion: Knee arthroscopy did not show a significant difference in the visibility of arthroscopic field in obese and non-obese patients. Thus, it should not be indicated as the preferred method of diagnostic evaluation of joint changes in these patients.