Tropisetron was studied for efficacy and safety in 164 patients who were refractory to other antiemetic agents. 5 mg tropisetron was given intravenously, followed by 5 mg by mouth per day for 4 days. Complete prevention of nausea and vomiting was documented in 42% of patients on day 1 of cycle 1. Delayed nausea and vomiting were prevented in 41% in the first cycle. The antiemetic control did not decrease with subsequent cycles. Side effects ascribed to tropisetron were mild.
Forty-one patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia were treated between March 1990 and November 1993 with mitoxantrone, cytarabine, etoposide and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) started on day 1. This was given as induction, consolidation and intensification treatment. A complete response was obtained in 26 of 41 (63%) patients. The median survival of the 25 evaluable patients in complete remission was 18 months. The median duration to neutropenia < 500/ul was 20 days during induction, 15 days during consolidation, 21 days during first intensification and 25 days during second intensification. Mitoxantrone, cytarabine and etoposide given with GM-CSF gave a complete response rate and median survival similar to other combination treatments but there was no definite evidence that the duration of neutropenia was reduced by the addition of GM-CSF from the start of treatment.
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