Endophytes are fungi and bacteria that inhabit plant tissues without causing disease. Endophytes have characteristics that are important for the health of the plant and have been isolated from several plants of economic and medicinal interest but rarely from ornamental plants. The current study isolates and identifies endophytic fungi from the leaves of Pachystachys lutea and evaluates the antagonistic activity of these endophytes as well as cellulase production by the endophytes. Fungi were isolated by fragmentation from surface-disinfected leaves and were identified by the sequencing of the ITS gene and the genes coding for EF 1-α and β-tubulin followed by multilocus sequence analysis. Molecular taxonomic analysis revealed that 78% of the identified fungi belonged to the genus Diaporthe. We also identified strains belonging to the genera Colletotrichum, Phyllosticta, Xylaria, Nemania, and Alternaria. Most of the strains tested were able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi, especially PL09 (Diaporthe sp.), which inhibited the growth of Colletotrichum sp., and PL03 (Diaporthe sp.), which inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. The production of cellulase ranged from 0.87 to 1.60 μmol/min. Foliar endophytic fungal isolates from P. lutea showed promising results for the in vitro control of plant pathogens and for cellulase production. This paper is the first report on culturable endophytic fungi isolated from the ornamental plant P. lutea.
Endophyte microorganisms have great biotechnological interest, with features applicable to different areas and are potentially useful in agriculture. The current study determines the biotechnological potential of endophytic fungi, isolated from leaves of Sapindus saponaria, to control phytopathogenic fungi and evaluate their enzyme production. Molecular taxonomy was performed by sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA region, identifying the genera Phomopsis, Sordariomycetes, Diaporthe, and Colletotrichum. In vitro antagonism against phytopathogens showed better results against Fusarium solani and provided inhibition indices between 41.8 % and 67.5 %. The endophytic strain SS81 (Diaporthe citri) presented the highest antagonism index against the pathogen. Against Glomerella sp. and Moniliophthora perniciosa, inhibition rates ranged between 18.7 % and 57.4 % and between 38.3 % and 64.8 %, respectively. Enzyme assays revealed that strain SS65 (Diaporthe sp.) produced 1.16 UI µmol/min of amylase; strain SS77 (Diaporthe sp.) produced 2.74 UI µmol/min of pectinase, and strain SS08 (Diaporthe sp.) produced 1.51 UI µmol/min of cellulase. Thus, the current study shows evidence the importance of isolated endophytes with phytoprotective properties of plants with medicinal properties as alternatives for biological control and natural sources of products with biotechnological interest.
ABSTRACT. Sapindus saponaria L. of Sapindaceae family is popularly known as soldier soap and is found in Central and South America. A study of such medicinal plants might reveal a more complex diversity of microorganisms as compared to non-medicinal plants, considering their metabolic potential and the chemical communication between their natural microbiota. Rhizosphere is a highly diverse microbial habitat with respect to both the diversity of species and the size of the community. Rhizosphere bacteriome associated with medicinal plant S. saponaria is still poorly known. The objective of this study was to assess the rhizosphere microbiome of the medicinal plant S. saponaria using pyrosequencing, a cultureindependent approach that is increasingly being used to estimate the number of bacterial species present in different environments. In their rhizosphere microbiome, 26 phyla were identified from 5089 sequences of 16S rRNA gene, with a predominance of Actinobacteria (33.54%), Acidobacteria (22.62%), and Proteobacteria (24.72%). The rarefaction curve showed a linear increase, with 2660 operational taxonomic units at 3% distance sequence dissimilarity, indicating that the rhizosphere microbiome associated with S. saponaria was highly diverse with groups of bacteria important for soil management, which could be further exploited for agricultural and biotechnological purposes.
In the present study the extract of the secondary metabolites (E-G6-32) produced by the Curvularia sp. G6-32 endophyte (isolated from the medicinal plant Sapindus saponaria L.) and its biological activities were investigated. The antioxidant potential was confirmed by the DPPH (22.5%) and ABTS (62.7%) assays; the total phenolic compound content was 40 µg gallic acid equivalents/mg. The extract E-G6-32 displayed good inhibitory activity toward butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE; IC 50 = 110 ± 0.05 µg mL -1 ). The extract E-G6-32 was subjected to spectroscopic and mass spectrometry analyses ( 1 H and 13 C NMR, HMBC, HSQC, COSY, and MS/MS). Comparison with the literature data confirmed that (-)-asperpentyn (1) was a major component. Asperpentyn belongs to the epoxyquinone family that has attractive structural complexity, diverse functional groups, and a broad range of biological activities, including specific enzyme inhibitory activity. Our results suggest that Curvularia sp. G6-32 is a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites that contain (-)-asperpentyn, which has potential pharmaceutical interest.
The environment diversity is directly related to environmental balance, which is directly affected by industrial and municipal waste release. Some species of microorganisms can act as decomposers in bioremediation process, aiding in contaminated areas recovery. The Maringá city, located in state of Paraná -Brazil, have been demonstrated rapid population growth and excelling in the construction sector, textile, and others, resulting in an increase of waste generated, necessitating the deployment of new technologies for waste treatment, in order to reduce them, so that decrease the socio-economic and environmental impact. The city counts with the Plan for Waste Manager (PGR, by its initials in Portuguese) that aims at controlling the waste produced and the proper disposal thereof. Aiming to improve the treatment of waste generated, we made a survey to relate the industrial and domestic waste produced in Maringá with possible ways of treatment, in sustainable processes, using the bioremediation potential of microorganisms. Keywords RESUMOA diversidade do meio ambiente está diretamente relacionada com equilíbrio ambiental, o qual é diretamente afetado pela liberação de resíduos industriais e urbanos. Algumas espécies de microrganismos podem atuar como decompositores, em processos de biorremediação, auxiliando na recuperação de áreas contaminadas. O município de Maringá, localizado no estado do Paraná -Brasil, vem apresentando rápido crescimento populacional e se destacando principalmente nos setores de construção civil, têxtil, entre outros. Como consequência, há o aumento de resíduos gerados e, desta forma, a necessidade de implantação de novas tecnologias de tratamentos de resíduos à fim de reduzilos, de maneira a diminuir o impacto sócio-econômico-ambiental. A cidade conta com o Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos (PGR), que visa o controle dos resíduos produzidos e a sua destinação correta. Com o intuito de melhorar e buscar alternativas para o tratamento dos resíduos gerados, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relacionar os dejetos industriais e domésticos produzidos no município de Maringá com possíveis formas de tratamento utilizando, de maneira sustentável, o potencial biorremediador de microrganismos.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.