12Aims: In European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) large growth stresses lead to severe log end 13 splitting that devaluate beech timber. Our study aimed at detecting relationships between growth 14 stress and some morphology parameters in trees. 15Methods: Growth stress indicators were recorded for 440 mature trees in 9 stands from 5 European 16 countries, together with morphology parameters. 17Results: Most trees displayed an uneven distribution of growth stress around the trunk. Moreover, 18 growth stress intensity varied largely between individual trees. Geometry of the trunk was a poor 19 predictor of growth stress intensity. Crown asymmetry resulted in a larger stress dissymmetry 20 within trees. Trunk inclination was not correlated to mean or tension stress, contrary to what is 21 usually found in younger trees. In the case of small inclination, growth stress was close to 22
-Colour parameters of European beech were measured using CIELab system. 103 logs from 87 trees in 9 sites were cut into boards to study the radial variations of wood colour parameters. Both site and tree effects on colour were observed. Patterns of red heartwood occurrence were defined. When excepting red heartwood there was still a highly significant effect of site and tree. Axial and radial variations were small, except very near the pith or in red heartwood, suggesting possible early selection at periphery under colour criteria. Red heartwood is darker, redder and more yellow than normal peripheral wood.
Fagus sylvatica L. / CIELab colour system / solid wood / red heartwoodRésumé -Études sur le Hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L.). 1. Variations des paramètres de couleur du bois. Les paramètres de couleur du hêtre européen ont été mesurés à l'aide du système CIELab. Cent trois grumes obtenues à partir de 87 arbres abattus dans 9 sites ont été débitées en quartiers afin de déterminer les variations radiales des paramètres de couleur. Des effets site et arbre sur la couleur ont été observés. Des types avec ou sans coeur rouge ont été définis. En exceptant le coeur rouge on conserve un effet hautement significatif du site et de l'arbre. Les variations radiales et axiales étaient faibles, excepté très près de la moelle ou dans le coeur rouge, suggérant la possibilité d'une sélection précoce sur des critères de couleur en périphérie. Le coeur rouge est plus foncé, plus rouge et plus jaune que le bois normal périphérique.Fagus sylvatica L. / système de couleur CIELab / bois matériau / coeur rouge
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