In order to study the influence and mechanisms of color differences using 3D-shaped objects, 440 pairs of 3D samples surrounding five CIE color centers (gray, red, yellow, green, and blue) with the variations of gloss, size, and shape were prepared by a Sailner 3D color printer, and their color differences were assessed by 26 ∼ 45 observers using the gray-scale method. The new color difference data were used to investigate the parametric effects (gloss, 3D shape, and size) on the perceived color difference. Results indicate that, for 3D objects, high gloss and small size objects (2 cm) raise smaller visual color differences than matte and large size objects (4 cm), and the visual color difference of spheres is larger than that of the cone and cylinder sample pairs. The chromaticity ellipses indicated that the glossy samples with different shapes will arouse fairly different visual perceptions, especially for sphere and cylinder samples.
It is widely believed that people have preferences in relation to the colour of their interior environment. With the development of the global small apartment industry, it is important to understand well people's colour preference for apartments. This study investigated the apartment colour preference (N = 958) and the arousal level measured as heart rate variability for 70 young Chinese people for 21 colours. The findings indicate that young Chinese people (22‐27 years of age) prefer light red, red, yellow, and gray areas of the colour space, and least prefer darker colours in the green, gray, and brown areas of the colour space. In terms of heart rate variability arousal, it was found that colours in the red, purple, and yellow areas of the colour space had the highest effect on heart rate variability arousal, vs gray and brown colours, which were found to have the lowest effect on arousal levels.
For large-scale manned spacecraft bound for the Moon and Mars, lighting should be explored that can reduce safety risks while increasing visual capability. The use of ap-propriate lighting in large-scale manned spacecraft can provide astronauts with a comfortable and safe living and working environment while reducing the energy consumption of the lighting equipment. Visual acuity is an important aspect of the quality of the light environment. It directly determines the human eye's ability to discern details and has an important impact on visual ergonomics and the efficiency of receiving visual information. In this study, we investigated changes in the human eye's visual acuity in a simulated spacecraft environment under three illuminances. 18 healthy persons participated in the study and tested binocular vision under three illuminance light environments. The results show that the amount of change in visual acuity decreased as the il-luminance value increased, the rate of decrease gradually slowed down and eventually tended to be flat. We found that with 200 lx as the dividing line, increasing the illuminance value at low illuminance can significantly improve visual acuity.
During space missions, astronauts live in a confined technological environment, completely isolated and deprived of the variety and variation found in the environment on Earth. This circumstance has a strong impact on the psycho-physiological states of the crew. Particularly in light of the plans for long-duration missions, new research needs to be carried out. The goal of this study, conducted at Xiangtan Central Hospital in China, was to test whether multicolour lighting can improve people’s psychological state in an isolated and confined environment over a period of seven days. Twenty participants (10 male and 10 female) were randomly divided into two groups: one group that was exposed to multicolour lighting and a control group, which was exposed to a static, monotonous white interior. The participants’ psychological state was recorded on the first day, the fourth day, and the seventh day. The results of the control group showed that the participants’ negative emotions and anxiety continued to increase over time, whereas the group randomly exposed to multicolour lighting that changed every three hours did not show any significant increase in negative emotions and anxiety. Moreover, the random change of light colour in the isolated environment appeared to help the participants increase their sense of surprise, thereby counteracting monotony. Finally, during this experiment, it was observed that when people who are accustomed to being connected to social networks were deprived of this, they experienced insomnia and unaccustomed reactions, in particular on the first days of deprivation. This article contributes to future space exploration and to social and psychological support of life in isolated and confined environments.
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