BackgroundEarly recognition and immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation are critical determinants of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Our aim was to evaluate current knowledge on basic life support (BLS) in Danish high school students and benefits of a single training session run by junior doctors.MethodsSix-hundred-fifty-one students were included. They underwent one 45-minute BLS training session including theoretical aspects and hands-on training with mannequins. The students completed a baseline questionnaire before the training session and a follow-up questionnaire one week later. The questionnaire consisted of an eight item multiple-choice test on BLS knowledge, a four-level evaluation of self-assessed BLS skills and evaluation of fear based on a qualitative description and visual analog scale from 0 to 10 for being first responder.ResultsSixty-three percent of the students (413/651) had participated in prior BLS training. Only 28% (179/651) knew how to correctly recognize normal breathing. The majority was afraid of exacerbating the condition or causing death by intervening as first responder. The response rate at follow-up was 61% (399/651). There was a significant improvement in correct answers on the multiple-choice test (p < .001). The proportion of students feeling well prepared to perform BLS increased from 30% to 90% (p < .001), and the level of fear of being first responder was decreased 6.8 ± 2.2 to 5.5 ± 2.4 (p < .001).ConclusionKnowledge of key areas of BLS is poor among high school students. One hands-on training session run by junior doctors seems to be efficient to empower the students to be first responders to OHCA.
ObjectiveTo estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) and completeness of the monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) diagnosis coding in a hospital registry within a population-based health-care setting.Patients and methodsThrough the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR), we identified 627 patients registered with MGUS in two Danish regions during the period January 2001–February 2011. We reviewed the medical records of all patients registered with MGUS at the Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, and a sample of patients registered at the other three hematological departments in the two regions. We estimated the PPV of the MGUS diagnosis based on this sample of 327 medical records. We also estimated the completeness of the DNPR by linking data from the DNPR and data from a previously validated MGUS cohort of 791 patients identified through the laboratory system covering North Jutland Region.ResultsThe diagnosis of MGUS was confirmed in 231 patients and assessed as probable in an additional 38 patients, corresponding to a PPV of 82.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 78.1%–86.4%). By contrast, 58 (17.7%) of the patients did not definitively meet the diagnostic criteria for MGUS. When we excluded patients registered with malignant monoclonal gammopathy recorded prior to or within the first year after registration of MGUS in the DNPR, the PPV increased to 88.3% (95% CI 84.5%–92.1%). The DNPR only registered a diagnosis of MGUS in 133 of the 791 MGUS patients identified through the laboratory system, corresponding to a completeness of 16.8% (95% CI 14.1%–19.6%).ConclusionThe PPV of the diagnosis coding for MGUS in the DNPR is high and can be further improved by simple data restriction. However, the low completeness raises concern that MGUS patients registered in the hospital system may be highly selected.
Most colorectal cancers evolve through an adenoma-carcinoma sequence with mutations in the KRAS/BRAF pathway as an early event. Mutation analyses are usually performed on tissue samples, but during the last couple of years the same analysis in blood has been facilitated. Our aim was to investigate the correlation between BRAF/KRAS mutations in tissue and plasma from colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Out of 22 patients with adenomas 10 had a mutation in the tissue, but no mutations were detected in the plasma. In 10 of 26 adenocarcinomas a mutation was found in the tumor and in four of these, the mutation was also detected in the plasma. Our results confirm previous findings that mutated DNA in plasma can be detected in approximately 50% of non-metastasized adenocarcinomas. The difference between adenomas and adenocarcinomas suggests that appearance of mutated DNA in plasma associates with invasion.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.