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The pink shrimp, Farfantepenaeus subtilis, actually comprises two cryptic species confused under a single name. Despite morphological and molecular evidences accumulated since 1967, the new species confused with F. subtilis has never been formally described. In this paper, Farfantepenaeus isabelae sp. nov., is described and compared to its close relatives, F. brasiliensis, F. notialis, F. paulensis and F. subtilis s. str..

Genetic studies can provide several important informations for sustainable fisheries management, mainly for the identification of different genetic stocks. In Brazil, genetic studies of the sea-bob shrimp, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, produced important new information on the systematics of the genus, demonstrating the presence of anonymous cryptic species and outlining their geographical distribution and the levels of genetic diversity and population structuring of Brazilian species. Allozymes and sequence polymorphisms of the mitochondrial COI gene have also been used to beget diagnosis systems for the correct species identification. Recently, geometric morphometrics emerged as a powerful methodology for identifying operational taxonomic units, confirming genetic data with great similarity of results, and representing a promising tool to assist the identification of fishery stocks. Geometric morphometrics analyses were used to characterize Xiphopenaeus samples from Brazil, showing significant differences among populations, confirming previous patterns revealed by molecular data. This study gathers the information produced so far about the molecular systematics, patterns of geographic distribution of the cryptic Xiphopenaeus species, genetic and morphometric characterizations of variability and delineation of population boundaries. It intends to determine distribution and structuring consensus patterns of the genetic variability, aiming to support management and conservation actions as well as to identify gaps of knowledge and direct future efforts in order to address them.Keywords: Xiphopenaeus kroyeri; Xiphopenaeus riveti; cryptic species; molecular systematics; geometric morphometrics; fisheries genetics A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA GENÉTICA NO ESTUDO DAS POPULAÇÕES DE CAMARÃO SETE-BARBAS DO LITORAL BRASILEIRO RESUMOEstudos genéticos podem fornecer diversas informações importantes para o manejo sustentável da pesca, tendo um relevante papel na identificação de estoques geneticamente distintos. No Brasil, estudos genéticos do camarão sete-barbas, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, têm produzido novas e importantes informações sobre a sistemática do gênero, revelando espécies crípticas anônimas e delineando suas distribuições geográficas e os níveis de diversidade genética e estruturação populacional das espécies brasileiras. Alozimas e polimorfismos de sequência do gene mitocondrial COI também têm sido usados para gerar sistemas de diagnóstico para a identificação de espécies. Recentemente, a morfometria geométrica surgiu como uma metodologia poderosa para a identificação de unidades taxonômicas operacionais, confirmando os dados genéticos com grande similaridade de resultados, e representando uma ferramenta promissora para auxiliar na identificação dos estoques pesqueiros. Análises de morfometria geométrica foram utilizadas para caracterizar amostras de Xiphopenaeus do Brasil, mostrando diferenças significativas entre as populações, confirmando padrões anteriores revelados por dados moleculares. Este trabalho reúne as informações ...

The Penaeidae family includes some of the most economic and ecological important marine shrimp, comprising hundreds of species. Despite this importance and diversity, the taxonomic classification for penaeid shrimp has constantly been revised, and issues related to the species identification are common. In this study, we implemented DNA barcoding analyses in addition to single-gene species delimitation analyses in order to identify molecular operational taxonomy units (MOTUs) and to generate robust molecular information for penaeid shrimp based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial gene. Our final data set includes COI sequences from 112 taxa distributed in 23 genera of penaeids. We employed the general mixed Yule coalescent (GMYC) model, the Poisson tree processes (PTP), and the Bayesian PTP model (bPTP) for MOTUs delimitation. Intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances were also calculated. Our findings evidenced a high level of hidden diversity, showing 143 MOTUs, with 27 nominal species not agreeing with the genetic delimitation obtained here. These data represent potential new species or highly structured populations, showing the importance of including a non-distance-based species delimitation approach in biodiversity studies. The results raised by this study shed light on the Penaeidae biodiversity, addressing important issues about taxonomy and mislabeling in databases and contributing to a better comprehension of the group, which can certainly help management policies for shrimp fishery activity in addition to conservation programs.

The family Pasiphaeidae is composed of seven genera, and only one of these genera, Leptochela, has been recorded from off Brazilian waters. From collections made during the Revizee Program — Central Score (between 11°–22°S and 200–2200m), four species are recorded for the first time from off the Brazilian coast: Pasiphaea merriami, Pasiphaea princeps, Parapasiphae cristata and Parapasiphae sulcatifrons.