In this systematic review, we aimed to identify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children/adolescents with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The protocol was registered on PROSPERO CRD42021255848. Articles were selected from PubMed, Embase, and LILACS according to these characteristics: patients from zero to 18 years old, exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, impact on social communication/interaction and restricted/repetitive behavior domains. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to assess methodological quality and the risk of bias. Of the 351 articles initially identified, 26 were finally included with information on 8,610 patients. Although the studies were heterogeneous, they indicated that the pandemic-related issues experienced by patients with ASD were mostly manifested in their behavior and sleep patterns.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40489-022-00344-4.
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A COVID-19, doença que se alastrou amplamente no mundo ao longo do ano de 2019 e de 2020, causando inúmeras mortes, tem sido alvo de diversas pesquisas. Todavia, ainda falta material conciso e relevante sobre o tratamento farmacológico dessa doença em cenário ambulatorial. Assim, essa revisão da literatura busca avaliar as evidências disponíveis sobre esse tópico. Para tal, foram realizadas duas buscas no PubMed a fim de elencar artigos que tratem sobre a intervenção farmacológica em pacientes ambulatoriais acometidos pela doença. A partir disso, foram analisados oito artigos, que tratavam de doze diferentes fármacos: hidroxicloroquina, cloroquina, azitromicina associada a hidroxicloroquina, remdesivir, anti-piréticos, analgésicos, lopinavir-ritonavir, AINEs, corticosteroides, iECA, BRAs e nitazoxanide. Sob tal perspectiva, foi concluído que ainda há uma escassez de evidências nesse tópico e que são necessários mais estudos clínicos randomizados para avaliar qual seria a melhor opção de tratamento farmacológico de pacientes com COVID-19 em cenário ambulatorial.
Background: The regenerative potential of the nail bed after trauma remains controversial. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 51 patients who underwent nail bed reconstruction with 2 techniques (direct flow island flap or a Tranquilli-Leali “Atasoy” flap) due to trauma involving the nail bed complex. These 2 flaps were used to support the loss of distal substance and to allow the regeneration of the nail bed. Outcomes were analyzed for at least 18 months. There were 34 men (66.7%), and the average age was 16.1 years. Most patients (56.9%) had crush injuries. The little (16) and index (14) fingers were the most affected. Twenty-seven were children (range: 4-11) with an average age of 7.4 ± 1.9 years. The middle finger was the most affected (29.2%). Results: The outcomes were good to excellent in 41 operated patients (80.4%). Hook nail was absent in 84.3% of the patients. Most patients (98%) did not develop necrosis. Children had an excellent/good outcome rate of 85.2%, while in adults, the rate was 75% of cases ( P = .485). Conclusion: The direct flow island flap is superior in terms of outcome, regardless of age, sex, affected finger, dominant hand, type of trauma, and injury zone. In cases where there was a correct reconstruction of the hyponychium, there was regeneration of the nail bed.
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