As in many fields, the most exciting endeavors in photon upconversion research focus on increasing the efficiency (upconversion quantum yield) and performance (anti‐Stokes shift) while diminishing the cost of production. In this vein, studies employing metal‐free thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitizers have garnered increased interest. Here, for the first time, the strategy of ternary photon upconversion is utilized with the TADF sensitizer 2,4,5,6‐tetrakis(carbazol‐9‐yl)isophthalonitrile (4CzIPN), resulting in a doubling of the upconversion quantum yield in comparison to the binary system employing p‐terphenyl as the emitter. In this ternary blend, the sensitizer 4CzIPN is paired with an intermediate acceptor, 1‐methylnaphthalene, in addition to the emitter molecule, p‐terphenyl, yielding a normalized upconversion quantum yield of 7.6% while maintaining the 0.83 eV anti‐Stokes shift. These results illustrate the potential benefits of utilizing this strategy of energy‐funneling, previously used only with heavy‐metal based sensitizers, to increase the performance of these photon upconversion systems.

PurposeEndothelial damage and angiogenesis are fundamental elements of neovascularisation and fibrosis observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we aimed to evaluate whether early endothelial and angiogenic biomarkers detection predicts mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients with COVID-19 requiring respiratory support.MethodsChanges in serum syndecan-1, thrombomodulin, and angiogenic factor concentrations were analysed during the first 24 h and 10 days after COVID-19 hospitalisation in patients with high-flow nasal oxygen or mechanical ventilation. Also, we performed an exploratory evaluation of the endothelial migration process induced by COVID-19 in the patients' serum using an endothelial cell culture model.ResultsIn 43 patients, mean syndecan-1 concentration was 40.96 ± 106.9 ng/mL with a 33.9% increase (49.96 ± 58.1 ng/mL) at day 10. Both increases were significant compared to healthy controls (Kruskal–Wallis p < 0.0001). We observed an increase in thrombomodulin, Angiopoietin-2, human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) concentrations during the first 24 h, with a decrease in human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) that remained after 10 days. An increase in human Interleukin-8 (IL-8) on the 10th day accompanied by high HGF was also noted. The incidence of myocardial injury and pulmonary thromboembolism was 55.8 and 20%, respectively. The incidence of in-hospital deaths was 16.3%. Biomarkers showed differences in severity of COVID-19. Syndecan-1, human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), VEGF, and Ang-2 predicted mortality. A multiple logistic regression model with TIMP-2 and PDGF had positive and negative predictive powers of 80.9 and 70%, respectively, for mortality. None of the biomarkers predicted myocardial injury or pulmonary thromboembolism. A proteome profiler array found changes in concentration in a large number of biomarkers of angiogenesis and chemoattractants. Finally, the serum samples from COVID-19 patients increased cell migration compared to that from healthy individuals.ConclusionWe observed that early endothelial and angiogenic biomarkers predicted mortality in patients with COVID-19. Chemoattractants from patients with COVID-19 increase the migration of endothelial cells. Trials are needed for confirmation, as this poses a therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2.

El presente artículo discute las políticas de control hacia los movimientos migratorios y la producción de población migrante destinada a “suplir” mercados laborales precarizados. Utilizamos como ejemplo analítico el caso de Chile y las medidas implementadas en 2018 por el gobierno nacional hacia la migración venezolana y haitiana. Analizamos de qué modo el proceso de fronterización permite comprender los ejercicios de delimitación cultural e identitaria de la nación, y la construcción de sujetos cuya inserción económica y social queda condicionada a espacios de vulnerabilidad. Para ello, presentaremos un estado del arte respecto del concepto de fronterización y caracterizaremos las principales políticas y medidas adoptadas por el gobierno de Chile hacia los flujos migratorios provenientes de Venezuela y Haití. Finalmente, entregamos las principales conclusiones que se derivan de estos casos, en particular los efectos de las medidas de control y gestión migratoria en la construcción diferenciada y selectiva de estos movimientos.

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El presente artículo busca sistematizar y comprender el análisis realizado por la academia y organizaciones de Derechos Humanos sobre la violencia contra las mujeres en el conflicto armado interno colombiano. Para ello, hemos seleccionado y analizado 51 artículos e informes extraídos por palabras clave en diferentes buscadores. Entre los principales hallazgos reportamos que las distintas investigaciones han buscado visibilizar las múltiples formas de violencia que afectan a las mujeres, así como también, indagar sobre los responsables, escenarios, impactos, resistencias e interrelación entre distintas violencias. A partir de lo anterior, planteamos la necesidad de avanzar hacia una analítica de las violencias contra las mujeres como manifestación de poder, abrir la reflexión respecto al vínculo entre violencias y migración internacional forzada y profundizar en la comprensión de los impactos de las violencias que viven las mujeres en su dimensión política