BackgroundThis paper addresses the health care system from a global perspective and the importance of human resources management (HRM) in improving overall patient health outcomes and delivery of health care services.MethodsWe explored the published literature and collected data through secondary sources.ResultsVarious key success factors emerge that clearly affect health care practices and human resources management. This paper will reveal how human resources management is essential to any health care system and how it can improve health care models. Challenges in the health care systems in Canada, the United States of America and various developing countries are examined, with suggestions for ways to overcome these problems through the proper implementation of human resources management practices. Comparing and contrasting selected countries allowed a deeper understanding of the practical and crucial role of human resources management in health care.ConclusionProper management of human resources is critical in providing a high quality of health care. A refocus on human resources management in health care and more research are needed to develop new policies. Effective human resources management strategies are greatly needed to achieve better outcomes from and access to health care around the world.

Although health professional educational programs have been successful in equipping graduates with skills, knowledge and professionalism, the emphasis on specialization and profession-specific education has enhanced the development of a uniprofessional identity, which has been found to be a major barrier to interprofessional collaborative person-centred practice (IPCPCP). Changes within healthcare professional education programs are necessary to enable a shift in direction toward interprofessional socialization (IPS) to promote IPCPCP. Currently, there is a paucity of conceptual frameworks to guide IPS. In this article, we present a framework designed to help illuminate an IPS process, which may inform efforts by educators and curriculum developers to facilitate the development of health professions students' dual identity, that is, an interprofessional identity in addition to their existing professional identity, as a first step toward IPCPCP. This framework integrates concepts derived from social identity theory and intergroup contact theory into a dual identity model of IPS.

The psychometric analysis of this instrument supports its value in measuring collaboration within teams and when patients are included as team members. The AITCS can be applied to continuing professional education interventions to determine change over time. It has limitations to the Canadian context and within the settings where participants practiced. Further test and retest reliability and longitudinal study application is needed.

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RESUMO Objetivo Compreender as percepções de docentes, trabalhadores e estudantes sobre a articulação da educação interprofissional com as práticas na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método Qualitativo compreensivo e interpretativo, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada de 2012 a 2013, por meio de 18 entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes e quatro sessões de grupos focais homogêneos com estudantes, docentes e trabalhadores da Atenção Primária. Resultados A triangulação dos resultados possibilitou a construção de duas categorias: prática colaborativa centrada no usuário e barreiras para educação interprofissional. A primeira indicou a necessidade de mudança do modelo de atenção e de formação dos profissionais de saúde, e a segunda apontou dificuldades percebidas pelos diferentes atores sociais no que se refere à implementação da educação interprofissional. Conclusão A educação interprofissional é incipiente no Brasil e sinaliza possibilidades de mudança em direção à prática colaborativa, mas requer maiores investimentos na articulação ensino-serviço.

The values within health organizations need to be underpinned by collaborative interprofessional patient-centred practice. To accomplish this goal, administrators and managers must support assessment of employees and visiting physicians as to their conformance with agency established expectations for such practice.

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