Aims and objectives To identify the attitudes and needs of nursing home residents regarding physical activity. Background Nursing home residents often have mobility problems and are at high risk for further mobility impairment. From their point of view, being physically active is an important part of their perceived quality of life. However, no study has synthesised existing qualitative literature on residents’ attitudes and needs regarding physical activity. Design Synthesis of qualitative studies. Methods A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies was performed, using ENTREQ statement for reporting. Three databases (PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched, supplemented by a hand search. Qualitative studies published in English or German were included if they addressed the attitudes and needs of residents concerning the promotion of physical activities. Finally, 12 studies were critically reviewed, and a thematic synthesis was conducted. Results Four analytical themes relating to residents’ attitudes were identified: “promoting physical activity increases the quality of life,” “accepting the conditions,” “personal initiative is significant” and “promoting physical activity is not helpful.” Relating to residents’ needs, the analyses yielded five themes: “living autonomously,” “continuing life as before,” “competent care,” “individually adapted programme and support,” and “barrier‐free accessibility.” Conclusion Nursing home residents have different attitudes and needs regarding being physically active. It is important to perceive these attitudes and needs of each resident and to offer an individually adapted programme and support. Further research should consider motivational strategies for residents who are not very much familiar with being physically active and offer exercise programmes with individual parts to address residents’ preferences. Relevance to clinical practice To motivate and activate residents, institutions should be aware of residents’ individual attitudes and needs regarding physical activity. Further development of interventions concerning mobility promotion activities and their implementation in long‐term care settings should consider the outlined factors.
Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Palliative Situationen erfordern spezifische pflegerische Kompetenzen, um professionelle Symptomkontrolle zu gewährleisten. Das Schulungsprogramm „Advanced Kinaesthetics in Palliative Care“ (AdKinPal) soll die Kinästhetikkompetenz von Pflegenden im palliativen Setting fördern und so das Symptommanagement durch pflegerische Interventionen verbessern. Ziel: Der Beitrag zielt darauf ab, den Prozess der AdKinPal-Studie zu beleuchten, um die Machbarkeit des Programms zu überprüfen, mögliche Zielgrößen zu ermitteln und eine Revision des Programms für weitere Durchläufe zu ermöglichen. Methoden: Die Prozessevaluation erfolgte im Rahmen einer quasi-experimentellen Studie. Es fanden qualitative und quantitative Erhebungen statt (Interviews, Beobachtungsprotokolle, Fragebögen). Zur Auswertung dienten die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse und die deskriptive quantitative Analyse. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt bewerteten die Teilnehmenden die Workshops und Praxisbegleitungen als gewinnbringend. Jedoch zeigten sich auch hemmende Faktoren, beispielsweise der zeitliche und örtliche Rahmen oder die Gestaltung der Arbeitsunterlagen. Die Teilnehmenden stellen eine nachhaltige Kompetenzentwicklung in Frage. Schlussfolgerungen: Der erste Durchlauf des Schulungsprogramms verlief erfolgreich. Um zukünftig eine nachhaltige Kompetenzentwicklung sicherzustellen, sind Anpassungen notwendig.
Background: Mobility impairment is often seen as a reason for needing long-term care. Thus, promoting mobility becomes increasingly significant in nursing homes. The kinaesthetic approach offers a way to support nursing home residents in using their own resources to maintain or improve their mobility. Aim: The present study intends to identify the characteristics of the interaction between nursing home residents with impaired mobility and kinaesthetic trainers during mobilisation. Methods: This secondary analysis comprises nine video sequences interpreted according to Grounded Theory-principles. The findings are described in a basic model. Results: The interaction with nursing home residents is focused on adapted movement support. This assistance shows a positive effect on residents’ self-activity in the tracking process and in the context of other strategies. Intervening conditions like residents’ daily constitution have an influence on nurses’ kinaesthetic strategies. Thereby, nurses have to be highly competent in self-perception. Conclusion: Adapted movement support proves to be a phenomenon basing on the nurse-resident-interaction and allowing residents to actively participate in collaborative action.
Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Einrichtungen der stationären Langzeitpflege investieren seit Jahren Ressourcen in die Entwicklung der Kinästhetikkompetenz der Pflegenden. Aus aktuellen Studien geht hervor, dass die Implementierung, bzw. die nachhaltige Förderung der Kinästhetikkompetenz problematisch ist, vertiefte Erkenntnisse zu den Ursachen fehlen jedoch. Fragestellung: Welche Hemmnisse verhindern eine nachhaltige Implementierung von Kinästhetik in Einrichtungen der stationären Langzeitpflege? Methode: Es wurde eine Multiple Case-Study in drei Einrichtungen der deutschsprachigen Schweiz durchgeführt. Aus leitfadengestützten Interviews und (fallbezogener) Literatur zum externen Kontext wurden in den Within-Case-Analysen die Daten induktiv verdichtet und diese Ergebnisse in der Cross-Case-Synthese miteinander verglichen und abstrahierend zusammengeführt. Ergebnisse: Die Synthese zeigt, dass die Implementierung von Kinästhetik innerhalb der Einrichtung auf drei verschiedenen Ebenen – der Leitungs-, Pflegeteam- und Pflegeperson-Ebene – als auch durch externe Faktoren negativ beeinflusst werden kann. Schlussfolgerungen: In der Pflegepraxis und -wissenschaft sowie im Gesundheitswesen benötigt es ein grundlegendes Verständnis von Kinästhetik und wie dieses im Kontext des professionellen Pflegehandelns einzuordnen ist. Insbesondere Leitungs- und implementierungsverantwortliche Personen müssen mögliche Hemmnisse kennen, um entsprechende Strategien entwickeln zu können.
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