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To cope with climate change energy sustainability is considered the key target EU Countries set to achieve by 2020. Existing energy users such as building stock require huge efforts to be aligned to this goal. This is the case of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” campus since it was built even before first regulations on energy saving, i.e. Italian Law 10/91. Current energy classification assigns to them the energy efficiency class G, far from class A, the energy label to be achieved by 2020.\ud \ud The purpose of the study is the energy refurbishment of the Orthopaedic and Traumatological Clinic Institute building located within the “Sapienza” University campus. It is a historical building of great architectural value, designed by Arnaldo Foschini in the 1930s. The proposed interventions entail the total renewal of the building envelope, investigated by thermographic surveys, along with the installations of new heating and cooling systems. The architectural redevelopment is according to Italian Law 338 of 14 November 2000 for the construction of temporary accommodations and residences.\ud \ud The results obtained were analyzed to identify the best intervention strategy for a sustainable energy retrofitting of historical building, taking into account the preservation of its architectural values as well as making it fit for modern use

Abstract. The urban heat island (UHI) effect is constantly increasing the energy consumption of buildings, especially in summer periods. The energy gap between the estimated energy performance -often simulated without considering UHI -and the real operational consumption is especially relevant for institutional buildings, where the cooling needs are in general higher than in other kind of buildings, due to more internal gains (people, appliances) and different architectural design (more transparent façades and light walls). This paper presents a calculation of the energy penalty due to UHI in two institutional buildings in Rome. Urban Weather Generator (UWG) is used to generate a modified weather file, taking into account the UHI phenomenon. Then, two building performance simulations are done for each case: the first simulation uses a standard weather file and the second uses the modified one. Results shows how is it necessary to re-develop mitigation strategies and a new energy retrofit approach, in order to include urbanization ad UHI effect, especially in this kind of buildings, characterized by very poor conditions of comfort during summer, taking into account users and occupant-driven demand. IntroductionInstitutional buildings like: offices, universities, schools, hospitals, etcetera, constitute a very important part of the building stock. In Italy, Many of these buildings were built in the XIX and in the first half of the XX Century, without specific measures to reduce energy consumption. As a result, the institutional buildings are responsible of almost the 20% of the total building stock energy demand in the country (REF IS NEEDED). Moreover, the consumption profile of institutional buildings is different from the residential buildings stock: in 2008 institutional buildings consumed more electricity than residential buildings (39% versus 22% of the total consumption) due to more intensive use of air conditioning (19% versus 1%), appliances and lighting (9% versus 3%) [1]. Italy has today a good share of renewable energy contribution to electricity production (about 40%). However, the high demand of electricity that institutional buildings have poses a challenge for energy demand and urban sustainability.

The City of Rome is trying to come into line, culturally and strategically, with European standards of environmental health and energy savings. This study is designed as a roadmap for the retrofit of existing building stock, through the analysis of case studies of major significance in terms of building characteristics and period of construction. The recognition of the consistency of the existing school building stock and the subsequent selection of the buildings that are representative of general conditions allowed us to compare results and draw from them intervention guidelines that are applicable to almost all of the school building stock. The guidelines developed by the authors take into account the optimisation of the building envelope and plant system, as well as the pay-back period of each case. The interventions, with their low investment costs, have significant benefits in terms of energy efficiency, with a subsequent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, and in terms of indoor and outdoor environmental quality, and propose a systemic approach to the retrofit of Mediterranean cities, which often have ancient and monumental historic centres that need to be protected and enhanced, as well as in the established suburbs, defined as those that appeared up to the 1970s-1980s. For these buildings, characterised by great potential for transformation and often with poor architectural and technological quality, the energy retrofit is also an opportunity to redesign and redefine the levels-objectives of indoor comfort. The reduction of energy consumption in school buildings, estimated at about 40% for the envelope and 20% for the plant, other than the evident environmental benefits to the territory, also has a significant impact on the education of the individual awareness of the users. Widespread retrofit of public structures at the disposal of young students, other than having a powerful impact in the reduction of greenhouse gases, constitutes a fundamental element in education on environmental issues and quality of the built, creating an unquantifiable extra value for sustainable development in the City of Rome and for the construction of more liveable and civilised cities. © 2012 WIT Press

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In recent years, energy consumption for cooling buildings has become a real concern, particularly regarding the availability of electricity during high load hours. There is a growing sensitivity in architecture for approaches that respect the environment and pursue energy efficiency. Ventilation, like other passive cooling solutions, involves conceptualizing a building as a body able to both recognize and metabolize the resources of its environment. In this context, the role of technology is no longer a "value added" to architecture, but a tool integrated with it. For these reasons, my study and research efforts have been focused mainly on the development of sustainable technologies. The intention is to exploit the natural elements of a site: sun, soil and, particularly, air. Thus, the design of the building is done in steps, starting with the choice of exposure and then moving on to the shape, the study of shielding systems, and the observation of greenery outside. The goal of optimal wellness is to locate buildings in a manner that does not adversely affect the potential use of climatic resources and maintaining consistent configuration of shape and geometry. to position individual buildings so as to maximize the use of winds while produced to conclude the study design and to demonstrate CO 2 reduction.climatic resource, insulating, induced ventilation, saving CO 2 .

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