1966). Porter (1966) reported that the lowland plants in central Oklahoma were entirely tetraploid, whereas Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has two cytotypes or cytoplasm the upland plants were both hexaploids and octaploids. types, L and U, that are associated with the lowland and upland Barnett and Carver (1967) also reported the same ploidy ecotypes, respectively. The L cytotypes are tetraploids while the U cytotypes can be either tetraploids or octaploids. The objective of pattern in plants from Oklahoma and Kansas. The lowthis research was to characterize meiotic stability of reciprocal crosses land type has coarse and erect stems, glabrous leaves, of U and L plants as indicated by chromosome pairing at meiosis and and rust (Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers.) resistance, and to determine the mode of inheritance of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) grows as a 0.6-to 3.0-m-tall semi-bunchgrass. The upin the hybrids of these cytotypes. Morphological markers that characland type has fine and semi-decumbent stems, pubesterize the parents and hybrids also were investigated to confirm that cence in the upper surface of the leaf blade, short rhiprogeny were true hybrids. Reciprocal crosses were made between zomes which produce a sod, and less robust growth Kanlow (L tetraploid) and Summer (U tetraploid) plants. Pubescence with a height of 0.9 to 1.5 m (Porter, 1966; Barnett on the upper surface of the leaf blade, foliage color, and seed size and Carver, 1967). Recent analyses of lowland plants were evaluated as markers to verify hybridization. Meiotic pairing of confirms that they are tetraploid (2n ϭ 4x ϭ 36) while some of the hybrids was analyzed at the diakinesis stage of meiosis by means of immature anthers. The clone pRR12 from a spinach 1579
Buffalograss [Buchloë dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. syn. Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) Columbus] is a warm‐season, stoloniferous, perennial grass species native to the Great Plains of North America. Buffalograss is a dioecious species where structural differences can be observed between inflorescences of male and female plants. The genetic mechanisms conferring gender expression in buffalograss are not known. In the present study, RNA‐seq was performed to evaluate the transcriptome of 10 buffalograss female and 10 buffalograss male F1 individuals of a segregating diploid linkage mapping population. Collectively, 187,600,044 male sequencing reads and 148,324,220 female sequencing reads were produced. The sequencing reads were read mapped to a buffalograss cultivar Prestige reference transcriptome with a greater than 96% success rate. By comparing male and female transcriptomes, we found 1734 differentially expressed transcripts. Among this group, 445 transcripts had higher expression in male plants while the remaining 1289 had higher expression in the females. Two male‐specific sequences and one female‐specific sequence were identified along with genes associated with flowering and reproduction. To date, this is the most detailed characterization of the genetic differences between male and female buffalograss.
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