P hysical examination is a critical element of any occupational health practice. When a physical examination is performed effectively, it can benefit both employer and employee. A quality physical examination program provides a database for health surveillance, risk exposure, and disease prevention (Rogers, 1994). Occupational health nurses often use physical examination skills on a daily basis. EXAMINATION CONSIDERATIONS Physical examinations are usually based on the specific needs of the employer. Ideally, the physical examination is based on company policy, job analysis, and signed protocols. Physical examinations may be conducted to: • Align an employee's physical and emotional capabilities with current job demands. • Provide baseline health status data for futurecomparison. • Identify any pre-existing or concurrent health related problems.
T he goal of occupational and environmental health nursing is to maintain a healthy work force by providing health care services at the workplace. The services may involve identifying workplace hazards, conducting medical evaluations, treating injuries, and assisting employees with return to work issues. Additional services include educating employees about available wellness programs and making referrals to employee assistance programs and other community agencies. The nurse 's role in delivering services varies depending on the practice setting and scope of program activities. Regardless of the role the nurse assumes, an
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