Stoma construction is a safe procedure with low morbidity and mortality that helps heal pressure ulcers and decreases the incidence of recurrence. Additionally, laparoscopic stoma construction represents a technical advance that may reduce operative complications that have been previously reported with open fecal diversion.

Autonomous underwater robots, such as the UX-1 developed in the UNEXMIN project, need to maintain reliable autonomous operation in hazardous and unknown environments. Because of the lack of any kind of real-time communications with a human operated command and control station, the control architecture needs to be enhanced with mission-level self-diagnosis and self-adaptation properties an additional provided by some kind of supervisory or "metacontrol" component to ensure its reliability. In this paper, we propose an ontological implementation of such component based on Web Ontology Language (OWL) and the Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL). The solution is based on an ontology of the functional architecture of autonomous robots, which allows inferring the effects of the performance of its constituents components in the functions required during the robot mission, and generate the reconfigurations needed to maintain operation reliably. The concept solution has been validated using a hypothetical set of scenarios implemented in an OWL ontology and an OWLAPI-based reasoner, which we aim at validating by integrating the metacontrol reasoning with a realistic simulation of the underwater robot.

Esta investigación surge del análisis de señaléticas ubicadas en distintos entornos y en contacto con el medio ambiente, con el fin de solucionar problemas derivados del uso erróneo de la ergonomía, la tipografía, el color, los pictogramas, los materiales, los soportes y los elementos de sustentación, así como los posibles agentes atmosféricos que podrían actuar en su degradación. Se centra, especialmente, en trayectos de rutas senderistas, permitiendo orientar a los que practican dicha actividad, además de una correcta interpretación. Estas señales e indicadores pueden ser marcas de pintura homologadas, hitos o mojones depiedra, balizas, paneles informativos, postes indicativos, vértices geodésicos y señales de IMBA España entre otras. La aparición de nuevas necesidades en el senderismo requiere de informar sobre los posibles recorridos y utilizar nuevos materiales y conceptos. Por esta razón, se realiza previamente una revisión de signos y factores que envuelven este campo del diseño con la finalidad de facilitar datos técnicos a los diseñadores y simplificar la descodificación de estos signos a los usuarios, además de aportar seguridad durante su trayecto y evitar así perdidas o accidentes.AbstractThis research arises from the analysis of signage located in different surroundings and in contact with the environment, in order to solve problems derived from the erroneous use of ergonomics, typography, color, pictograms, materials, supports and the elements of sustentation, as well as the possible atmospheric agents that could act in their degradation. It focuses, especially, on paths of hiking routes, allowing orientation to those who practice this activity, in addition to a correct interpretation. These signs and indicators can be homologated paint marks, milestones or stone markers, beacons, information panels, indicative posts, geodesic vertices and signs of IMBA Spain among others. The appearance of new needs in hiking requires to inform about the possible routes and to use new materials and concepts. For this reason, a review of signs and factors involving this field of design is carried out in order to provide technical data to designers and simplify the decoding of these signs to users, in addition to providing security during their journey and thus avoid lost or accidents.