The aim of the work proposed herewith is to present the steps of risk assessment methodology and its importance for the risk management. Risk assessment is a complex process involving hazard identification, its consequences and likelihood that those consequences may occur. The methodology considered is based on the critical analyze of the data available concerning the marine accidents. The severe marine accidents produced as a result of collisions, contact, grounding, structural failure, fire and explosions, affect aquatic and coastal ecosystems and onshore human social activities, the crew life and ship itself. The consequences and likelihood of each risk determines level of risk. On this basis, risk management adopts control and reduction measures of risks, so that they become ALARP. As a result of economical evaluation the most efficient reduction measures of risks from cost-benefit report are selected and implemented.
The objective of this work is to develop a case study in order to improve the ballast water management in the Black Sea's ports. From this perspective, the present paper provides an extensive explanation about the main issues related to the control of marine non-indigenous species introduction through ballast water discharged by ships during their operations in the ports. Thereafter, it quantifies the amount of the ballast water discharged in the major ports of the Black Sea and the amount of the invading species that could reach these ports. Although, globally speaking, the problem of ballast water management is a reality, only three of the six neighboring countries in the Black Sea basin have signed, in 2004, the ratification of the International Convention on Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments. This is also known as the Water Ballast Management Convention, and it provides regulations concerning ballast water management generated by the shipping activities through a common set of rules.
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