terra australis 28 Terra Australis reports the results of archaeological and related research within the south and east of Asia, though mainly Australia, New Guinea and island Melanesia-lands that remained terra australis incognita to generations of prehistorians. Its subject is the settlement of the diverse environments in this isolated quarter of the globe by peoples who have maintained their discrete and traditional ways of life into the recent recorded or remembered past and at times into the observable present. Since the beginning of the series, the basic colour on the spine and cover has distinguished the regional distribution of topics as follows: ochre for Australia, green for New Guinea, red for SouthEast Asia and blue for the Pacific Islands. From 2001, issues with a gold spine will include conference proceedings, edited papers and monographs which in topic or desired format do not fit easily within the original arrangements. All volumes are numbered within the same series.
Experimental crosshatch patterns from ablating, melting, and flowing materials in supersonic flow are compared with theory. Results from wind-tunnel, rocket motor, and flight test environments on cones from 4.5° to 40° halfangles are shown to have common characteristics and to correlate in terms of relatively simple parameters. The theories considered include differential ablation, inelastic deformation, and liquid layer instability mechanisms. The experimental data are best correlated by a theoretical model which encompasses both the inelastic deformation and liquid layer mechanisms.
Nomenclaturec f = imaginary part of complex wave velocity c r -real part of complex wave velocity c p -specific heat G = shear modulus h = static enthalpy k = diffusivity parameter K = thermal diffusivity K* = proportionality between internal shear and pressure perturbations m = ablation rate M = Mach number M = molecular weight p = pressure p' = pressure perturbation F m = dimensionless pressure perturbation amplitude q = heat-transfer rate s = surface recession rate t = time T = temperature u = velocity x = distance normal to waves a = wave number, 2n/A N p = Mach angle y = ratio of specific heats d -boundary-layer thickness 6 f = frictional sublayer thickness S L = melt layer or viscoelastic layer thickness e = amplitude of surface wave A L = streamwise wavelength k N = wavelength normal to waves H = viscosity Q p = pressure perturbation parameter p = density A = thermal conductivity i = shear stress IK = material relaxation time (f) p = pressure phase angle from maximum slope point
p oj = wave angle Subscripts e -edge of boundary layer Presented as Paper 72-313 at
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