Distributed power generation has grown in popularity in recent years, especially in areas not connected to the national grid. As a result, rural microgrids are becoming more common, involving great potential for energy based on biomass conversion such as gasification. After analyzing distributed power generation facilities in developing countries, the authors found problems with the frequency stability. This paper focuses on solving the problem of frequency control in energy supplied by microgrids based in biomass gasification. For that purpose, the authors have developed a physical model of a downdraft gasifier, this model was used for design a novel strategy for frequency control, which has been based and validated on an existing gasification system, which supplies power to a population in Necoclí (Colombia).
Improving the conversion efficiency of solar panels has become a challenging area of study for researchers. Solar trackers are an alternative to reach this goal, as has been shown in many cases, by tracking the position of the sun changes, the productivity of the panel increases. This paper presents a new design of a dual-axis solar tracker system based on a real-time measurement of solar radiation in order to improve the conversion efficiency. As a first design stage, the dynamic models for solar radiation, solar panel and electromechanic system, were obtained using Matlab-Simulink. Then a control unit for capturing the signals from radiation sensors and an inertial measurement unit, was implemented in a High-Performance 16-Bit Digital Signal Controller DSPIC33FJ202MC. The acquired data are compared with a mathematical algorithm to calculate sun's position and set the control action to orient the panel. An embedded system with real-time sampling was developed. It does not rely on external databases and takes into account the relative position between the radiation sensor and solar panel to improve the efficiency of the system. Results show an increase of 9.87% in the energy obtained with the solar tracker compared to a static solar panel oriented optimally. The tests were performed using two solar 200W panels operating simultaneously under the same climatic conditions.
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