The stump-tailed porcupine (Coendou rufescens) is a medium-sized species that inhabits subtropical, temperate and High-Andean forests of the northern Andes, at 800 to 3,650 m asl. This species is characterized by a short non-prehensile tail and a distinctive reddish color. Here, we report new localities for Coendou rufescens in Ecuador based on direct field sightings and the revision of mammal collections. In addition, we conducted a review of literature records of C. rufescens throughout its distribution range. A total of 52 georeferenced records were modeled for the potential distribution at the regional level (Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru) based on 19 bioclimatic variables. Finally, we overlaid the layers of vegetation remnants and state protected areas. We report 10 new localities for Coendou rufescens in Ecuador; these records are concentrated to southern Ecuador between 1,120 to 4,387 masl. Fifty two records found that the bioclimatic variables Temperature Seasonality (BIO4) and Minimum Temperature of the Coldest Month (BIO6) associated with the type of habitat made the greatest significant contribution to the distribution model of C. rufescens. The suitable habitat for the species spans across ~ 448,820 km 2 , with 50.4 % in Colombia. These findings indicate that the locality Camino del Inca in Sangay National Park, at 4,387 m asl, is considered the highest-elevation record for C. rufescens and the family Erethizontidae. Colombia and Peru include the highest proportion of potential habitat across its range (40.2 % and 32.7 %) based on remnant vegetation; however, Ecuador maintains the largest proportion of the porcupine distribution within protected areas (35.5%), with a larger extent of landscape connectivity, essential for the conservation of C. rufescens. El puerco espín de cola corta (Coendou rufescens) es una especie de tamaño mediano que habita los bosques Subtropicales, Templados y Alto-Andinos de los Andes norte, entre los 800 a 3,650 m de elevación. Esta especie se caracteriza principalmente por presentar una cola corta y no prensil, además de su peculiar coloración rojiza. Se reportan nuevas localidades para Coendou rufescens sobre la base de avistamientos directos en campo y revisión de colecciones mastozoológicas. Adicionalmente se realizó una revisión de los registros bibliográficos de C. rufescens a lo largo de su distribución geográfica. Con un total de 52 registros recopilados y georefenciados, se modeló la distribución potencial a escala regional (Colombia, Ecuador y Perú) utilizando 19 variables bioclimáticas seleccionadas por su nivel de correlación. Finalmente, se superpusieron las capas de vegetación remanente y áreas protegidas estatales. Se adicionan 10 localidades para Coendou rufescens en Ecuador, los registros se concentran en el sur del país en un rango altitudinal entre 1,120 a 4,387 m. Con base a los 52 registros se determinó que las variables bioclimáticas que contribuyen más significativamente al modelo de distribución predictiva son BIO4: Temperatura estacional y BIO6: Temper...
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