This work describes an efficient micropropagation protocol for Verbena litoralis and the study of the antinociceptive and antioxidant activities in extracts of this species. For the establishment in vitro, surface-sterilization procedures and PVPP showed high efficiency in fungal-bacterial contamination and phenol oxidation controls. Nodal segments cultivation in MS medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (7.5 µM)/α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 0.005 µM) induced multiple shoots. Elongated shoots were rooted with IAA (0.2 µM). Acclimatization rates were elevated and the plants showed the typical features of this species. The hexanic fraction (HF) of powdered leaves presented a radical scavenging activity with IC(50) = 169.3 µg mL(-1). HF showed a non-dose dependent analgesic activity in the writhing test; its antinociceptive activity in the hot plate test was restricted to 500 mg kg(-1), which is the highest dose. The results of this study showed the potential of tissue culture on conservation and large scale multiplication and confirmed the traditional folk medicine use of V. litoralis.
The objective of this work was to study the imbibition profile in water or in polyethylene glycol 6000 osmotic solution and the effect of the osmoconditioning on the germination and vigor of seeds of six soybean cultivars-Confiança, UFV-16, Splendor, Garantia, UFVS 2005 and UFV-18. The cultivars were grown in the field at Viçosa, Minas Gerais, in a randomized complete block design, the seeds were harvested at the R8 stage and 15 and 30 days later. Seed samples of each cultivar per harvest time and replication were soaked in distilled water (control) or osmoconditioned in-0.8 MPa PEG 6000 solution at 20 °C, for 96 h, in the presence of 0.2% Captan fungicide. Vigor and viability of the seeds were evaluated by the first and final counting in the germination test on paper rolls and speed of seedling emergence on sand seedbed. The imbibition speed and the humidity of the osmoconditioned seeds of all six cultivars and three harvest times were lower than of those seeds soaked in water. The germination and vigor of osmoconditioned seeds were higher for all cultivars at all harvest times, mainly with 30 days harvest delay, indicating the conditioning efficacy to increase the germination of weathered seeds.
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