It has been reported that patients diagnosed with COVID-19 become critically ill primarily around the time of activation of the adaptive immune response. However the role of antibodies in the worsening of disease is not obvious. Higher titers of anti-spike immunoglobulin IgG1 associated with low fucosylation of the antibody Fc tail have been associated to excessive inflammatory response. In contrast it has been also reported that NP-, S-, RBD- specific IgA, IgG, and IgM are not associated with SARS-CoV-2 viral load, indicating that there is no obvious correlation between antibody response and viral antigen detection. In the present work the micro-Fourier-transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy (micro-FTIR) was employed to investigate blood serum samples of healthy and COVID-19-ill (mild or oligosymptomatic) individuals (82 healthcare workers volunteers in “Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas”, São Paulo, Brazil). The molecular-level-sensitive, multiplexing quantitative and qualitative FTIR data probed on 1 µL of dried biofluid was compared to signal-to-cutoff index of chemiluminescent immunoassays CLIA and ELISA (IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2). Our main result indicated that 1702–1785 $$\hbox {cm}^{-1}$$ cm - 1 spectral window (carbonyl C=O vibration) is a spectral marker of the degree of IgG glycosylation, allowing to probe distinctive sub-populations of COVID-19 patients, depending on their degree of severity. The specificity was 87.5 % while the detection rate of true positive was 100%. The computed area under the receiver operating curve was equivalent to CLIA, ELISA and other ATR-FTIR methods ($$>0.85$$ > 0.85 ). In summary, overall discrimination of healthy and COVID-19 individuals and severity prediction as well could be potentially implemented using micro-FTIR reflectance spectroscopy on blood serum samples. Considering the minimal and reagent-free sample preparation procedures combined to fast (few minutes) outcome of FTIR we can state that this technology is suitable for fast screening of immune response of individuals with COVID-19. It would be an important tool in prospective studies, helping investigate the physiology of the asymptomatic, oligosymptomatic, or severe individuals and measure the extension of infection dissemination in patients.
In this article, we report the silver orthophosphate (Ag3PO4) photocatalytic inactivation properties on strains Gram-positive Saprophyte B. subtilis, a diploid fungus Candida albicans and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using as irradiation source white-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with luminous flux ( v) of 1.3 x 10 3 Lumens and relative power density of 15 mW m -2 . Microorganisms death curves and the kinetic constants (Kd) indicated that the inhibitory effect of the Ag3PO4 under WLEDs irradiation is well pronounced to C. albicans (6.6 x 10 -2 min -1 ) in relation to P. augenosas (4.6 x 10 -2 min -1 ) and B. subitilis (2.5 x 10 -2 min -1 ). Decimal reduction time (Dt) were 34.4 min to C. albicans, 50.1 min P. augenosas and 92.1 min to B.subitilisThe micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy with field emission gun (SEM-FEG) demonstrated that there was cell wall permeability and consequently total rupture in the C. albicans, suggesting the lipid peroxidation phenomenon and protein oxidation promoted by the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, it was observed the Ag3PO4 when irradiated by WLEDs demonstrates important sporicidal activity in related to B. subtilis, promoting the endospore wall rupture.
The fatality prediction in hyperinflammation diseases like COVID-19 is a challenge. We show here that FTIR could probe the degree of IgG glycosylation discriminating subpopulations of COVID-19 patients depending on their degree of severity.
Investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the aggregation process of amyloid fibers is of great importance both for its implications in several degenerative diseases and for design of new materials based...
O presente trabalho descreve a aplicação e avaliação de uma história em quadrinhos (HQ), que aborda o tema tabela periódica, almejando avaliar o modo de leitura dos estudantes, o interesse pelo conteúdo abordado, bem como a aceitação da HQ por parte deles. A pesquisa foi realizada com 60 alunos, sendo 35 do primeiro ano e 25 do segundo ano do Ensino Médio da Unidade Escolar Severiano de Sousa, na rede pública de ensino, de Teresina-PI. Inicialmente, os alunos fizeram uma leitura da HQ, em seguida responderam, por escrito, um questionário. Os registros dos alunos constituíram a principal fonte de dados e foram analisados de maneira distinta. As respostas das questões objetivas foram expressas em termos quantidades. Já as justificativas foram agrupadas de acordo com suas semelhanças e arranjadas em diferentes categorias, seguindo o princípio da análise de conteúdo. A partir das análises dos dados foi possível sublinhar aspectos que contribuíram para a aceitação da HQ pelos alunos, pode ser levado em consideração seu emprego em sala de aula, por meio da presença de diálogos e imagens, contexto, além de informações químicas. Observou-se também uma linguagem clara, objetiva, contextual e desafiadora, que pode ser assertiva no processo motivacional de interesse dos alunos por meio da leitura. Além disso, constatou ser veículo de leitura agradável, linguagem simples, clara, dinâmica, prazerosa e enriquecedora, por meio das características lúdicas, que podem ajudar a tornar o ensino de Química mais atraente e profícuo para o aprendizado de forma crítica e reflexiva.
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