The corrosion resistance of AISI 304 stainless steel (AISI 304 SS) and manganese stainless steel (low-nickel SS) brackets in artificial saliva was investigated. The cytotoxic effects of their corrosion products on L929 cell culture were compared by two assays, crystal violet, to evaluate cell viability, and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), for cell metabolism and proliferation. The atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis of the corrosion products demonstrated that nickel and manganese ion concentrations were higher for the AISI 304 SS-bracket immersion solution as compared with the low-nickel SS brackets. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy demonstrated less corrosion resistance for the AISI 304 SS brackets. Although none of the bracket extracts altered L929 cell viability or morphology, the AISI 304 SS-bracket extracts decreased cellular metabolism slightly. The results indicated that the low-nickel SS presents better in vitro biocompatibility than AISI 304 SS brackets. Abbreviations used: AISI, American Iron and Steel Institute; EDS, energy-dispersive spectroscopy; OD, optical density; ISO, International Organization for Standardization; MTT, (3-{4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; NiSO(4), nickel sulfate; SEM, standard error of the mean; WHO, World Health Organization; and TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Determination of the epidemiological profile of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and identification of Leishmania species that are prevalent in the State of Tocantins were carried out through a retrospective and descriptive study based on data reported in SINAN, in the period from 2011 to 2015. Molecular techniques such as PCR-RFLP and PCR-G6PD to amplify Leishmania DNA were performed on stored on Giemsa-stained slides from lesion scarifications of ATL patients who were amastigote-positive by the direct microscopic examination. There were 1,434 ATL cases in Tocantins reported in this period. The highest incidence was reported in men aged over 60 years, rural residents, the most affected ethnic group was mixed ethnicity (mixed black and white) and the ones with lower education. The predominant clinical form was cutaneous, being diagnosed mainly by laboratory methods. Pentavalent antimonial was effective in resolving cases. The predominant species found in 271 analyzed samples from 32 municipalities located in 8 different health regions of Tocantins was Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Identifying the epidemiological profile and characterizing the Leishmania spp species on regional level is essential to establish control and prevention behaviors, minimizing the number of cases and treatment resistance, recurrence and evolution to mucosal forms.

The disseminated form of leishmaniasis is a serious and rare disease, being diagnosed in 2% of the cutaneous cases registered per year in Brazil. The main characteristic is the appearance of multiple pleomorphic lesions on the cutaneous surface. A 68-year-old male from the rural area of Tocantins, Brazil, presented atypical disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). The clinical course and histopathological and immunological findings presented a mixed pattern that hindered diagnosis and therapeutic management. Molecular typing revealed a mixed infection with and. Molecular identification of the agents responsible for ACL is important for adequate therapeutic planning, minimizing the possibility of sequellae that impact the quality of life of the patient.

Music is a valuable didactic-pedagogical resource in complementing teaching, since it facilitates the understanding of content and transforms monotonous and passive classes into integrative classes, with the active participation of those involved in the process. The present study reports the experience of the use of parodies as a teaching-learning strategy for the study of the discipline of microbiology in medical graduation. This is a descriptive report. The didacticpedagogical experience was experienced at the Faculdade Presidente Antônio Carlos Porto, during the semester 2017/2. The students were divided into groups to create parodies involving topics related to microbiology. At the end, a discussion was held in the form of a dialogue to evaluate the understanding of the contents proposed for each song. Experience has shown that one must believe in the results generated by using music as a didactic-pedagogical model. It was verified that features different from traditional methods take the student out of the usual routine of the traditional method and allow the visualization of the content from another perspective, arousing the desire to learn.

The elimination of the microorganisms in its totality, during the endodontic therapy, although desired, is hard to be achieved. Even after the canal filling, the microorganisms are able to be into the dentinal mass and into the periapical region. This essay aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of endodontic materials against to the Enterecoccus faecalis NEWP 0012. The inoculation of this microorganism in the glass plates was done using swabs pressing the cotton against the wall of the pipe. The bacterial suspension was sowed evenly on the sterile surface of the Ágar MH. The plates were incubated by aerobic conditions, in a constant temperature in the range of 35º a 37°c, for 24 hours. The endodontic materials tested were: Sealer 26, Endofill, AH plus, MTA Filapex, calcium hydroxide paste associated to the chlorhexidine, Maxxion R glass ionomer, MTA and MTA HP. After material manipulation, they were impregnated into absorbent paper discs of 5mm of diameter and distributed sporadically on the plates that contained the microorganism. The experimental data were obtained by the measurement of the inhibition halo in the period of 24h, 72h, 7, 15 and 21 days; thus, the microorganism was classified as resistant or sensible to the different products. From the results, it was possible to verify that the calcium hydroxide paste associated to the chlorhexidine presented superior antimicrobial activity on Enterecoccus faecalis NEWP 0012. It was concluded that the calcium hydroxide paste associated to the chlorhexidine has satisfactory antimicrobial activity against the Enterecoccus faecalis NEWP 0012 in the period between 24h to 21 days.

No abstract

Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Editora pelos autores. Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial-NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. A Atena Editora não se responsabiliza por eventuais mudanças ocorridas nos endereços convencionais ou eletrônicos citados nesta obra. Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação.

No abstract