ResumenEl llamado síndrome miocárdico alérgico, angina alérgica o síndrome de Kounis, se define como la aparición de un síndrome coronario agudo por vasoespasmo secundario a la activación de mastocitos y células inflamatorias interrelacionadas que se produce en las reacciones de hipersensibilidad, anafilácticas y anafilactoides. Presentamos un caso de muerte súbita en un adulto joven compatible con un síndrome de Kounis, donde el estudio histopatológico demuestra patología asmática y una trombosis en la arteria coronaria descendente anterior sobre una placa erosionada con numerosos eosinófilos y mastocitos en el trombo, en la placa subyacente, en la pared muscular y en la adventicia. La entrevista familiar posterior confirmó el antecedente de atopia y una clínica previa al fallecimiento compatible con un episodio asmático. Como dicen muchos expertos, el Síndrome de Kounis no es una enfermedad rara, pero sí es una enfermedad raramente diagnosticada. Debemos tenerla presente y descartarla ante una muerte súbita en el contexto de una reacción alérgica o de antecedentes de atopia, alergia o asma alérgico.Palabras clave: Anafilaxia. Angina alérgica. Muerte súbita. Síndrome de Kounis. AbstractKounis syndrome has been defined as the concurrence of an acute coronary syndromes with allergic or hypersensitivity as well as with anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions. The main pathophysiological mechanism is the vasospasm of epicardial coronary arteries due to increased inflammatory mediators that are released during the underlaying allergic events. We present a case of sudden death in an atopic young adult with histopathological findings of asthma and thrombosis in left anterior descending coronary artery with presence of eosinophils and mast cell. Kounis syndrome is not a rare disease but is a rarely diagnosed condition which should always be kept in mind when dealing with a cardiac sudden death with clinical history of atopy or allergy or in a context of allergic reactions.
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