Acute dystonic reaction which is described as involuntary muscle spasms and contractions including neck, chin, eye and mouth muscles is an extrapyramidal adverse effect. Acute dystonic reactions are rarely seen with atypical antipsychotics and in the pediatric population. In this study, we present a case of an aripiprazole-induced oculogyric crisis in an 11 years old girl who diagnosed with mild intellectual disability attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and conduct disorder. This case is important as an aripiprazole-induced oculogyric crisis caused is not an expected side effect in the child and adolescent population.
Objective: This study aimed to research whether there is an olfactory disorder in ADHD, and if so, what is the effect of methylphenidate on this condition. Method: This is a cross-sectional study aiming to evaluate olfactory threshold, identification, discrimination and threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) scores in 109 children and adolescents, 33 of whom have ADHD without medication, 29 with ADHD with medication and 47 control groups. Result: In the post hoc tests, the mean odor discrimination test, the mean odor identification test, and the mean TDI scores of the unmedicated ADHD group were significantly lower than those of the other two groups, and that the mean odor threshold test scores of the medicated ADHD group were significantly lower than those of the control and unmedicated groups. Conclusion: Olfactory function could be a useful tool to monitor treatment effects and may be a promising candidate as a biomarker in ADHD.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.