Background/aim: Natural products are popular insights for researchers to investigate promising anti-cancer agents since some of these substances have lesser adverse effects restricting the treatment than traditional chemotherapeutic agents. A well-known monoterpene Carvacrol, widely consumed in Mediterranean cuisine and lower risks of cancer, has efficient anticancer effects. However, the mechanism of action is yet to be discovered. Materials and methods: The investigation aims to illuminate a new perceptive in the role of this substance on colorectal cancer treatment, by the means of differences in a well-defined range of soluble factors. Carvacrol effect on both HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines was evaluated on proliferation and the IC 50 values were calculated by the RTCA xCELLigence device. Then MAGPIX assay was performed to obtain the changes in soluble factors of the cell lines. Results: The Multiplexing assay suggests some of these factors were altered in favor of surviving and proliferation in aggressive cell line HCT-116 whereas they were altered against these characters in HT-29, were correlated with the increased IC 50 concentration of HCT-116 in carvacrol treatment. Conclusion: The current study indicates that differences in the levels of these soluble factors could modulate the anticancer effect related to carvacrol.
Energetic pathways combine in the heart of metabolism. These essential routes supply energy for biochemical processes through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, they support the synthesis of various biomolecules employed in growth and survival over branching pathways. Yet, cellular energetics are often misguided in cancers as a result of the mutations and altered signaling. As nontransformed and Pasteur-like cells metabolize glucose through oxidative respiration when only oxygen is sufficient, some cancer cells bypass this metabolic switch and run glycolysis at higher rates even in the presence of oxygen. The phenomenon is called aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. An increasing number of studies indicate that both Warburg and Pasteur phenotypes are recognized in the cancer microenvironment and take vital roles in the regulation of drug resistance mechanisms such as redox homeostasis, apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, the different phenotypes call for different therapeutic approaches.Combined therapies targeting energy metabolism grant new opportunities to overcome the challenges. Nevertheless, new biomarkers emerge to classify the energetic subtypes, thereby the cancer therapy, as our knowledge in coupling energy metabolism with cancer behavior grows. Anti-Cancer Drugs 33: e69-e75 Copyright
Adenomatous polyps of the colon are the most common neoplastic polyps. Although most of adenomatous polyps do not show malign transformation, majority of colorectal carcinomas originate from neoplastic polyps. Therefore, understanding of this transformation process would help in both preventive therapies and evaluation of malignancy risks. This study uncovers alterations in gene expressions as potential biomarkers that are revealed by integration of several network-based approaches. In silico analysis performed on a unified microarray cohort, which is covering 150 normal colon and adenomatous polyp samples. Significant gene modules were obtained by a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene modules with similar profiles were mapped to a colon tissue specific functional interaction network. Several clustering algorithms run on the colon-specific network and the most significant sub-modules between the clusters were identified. The biomarkers were selected by filtering differentially expressed genes which also involve in significant biological processes and pathways. Biomarkers were also validated on two independent datasets based on their differential gene expressions. To the best of our knowledge, such a cascaded network analysis pipeline was implemented for the first time on a large collection of normal colon and polyp samples. We identified significant increases in TLR4 and MSX1 expressions as well as decrease in chemokine profiles with mostly pro-tumoral activities. These biomarkers might appear as both preventive targets and biomarkers for risk evaluation. As a result, this research proposes novel molecular markers that might be alternative to endoscopic approaches for diagnosis of adenomatous polyps.
Background: Circulating tumor cells are cancer cells which separate from the primary tumor and enter systemic circulation. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between circulating tumor cells isolated and identified from the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatobiliary cancer, with the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and their overall survival. Methods: A total of 21 patients were included in the study. Density-gradient centrifugation with the OncoQuick® assay was performed for isolation of circulating tumor cells from peripheral blood. In order to identify circulating tumor cells, enriched samples underwent flow cytometric analysis. Results: The rate of patients with positive surgical margin in the high circulating tumor cell group (circulating tumor cell >15) was identified to be statistically significantly high compared to the group with low circulating tumor cells (circulating tumor cell ≤15) (83.3% vs. 16.7%; P = .041). Median neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was found to be higher in the high circulating tumor cell group compared to the low circulating tumor cell group, which was close to statistical significance (2.37 vs. 1.41; P = 0.055). Conclusions: Circulating tumor cells were identified to have a significant relationship with surgical margin positivity in our study for the first time, suggesting that the circulating tumor cells count in peripheral blood in preoperative patients may be a biomarker predicting positive surgical margin. Due to the very low number of studies assessing the relationship between circulating tumor cells and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, our study which identified relationship close to statistical significance between circulating tumor cells and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, significantly contributes to the literature on the topic of the possible role of lymphocytes in circulating tumor cell clearance.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.