The findings suggest that spirometry can be a valuable tool in distinguishing SGS from PVFMD. Previous studies have shown the utility of PFTs for distinguishing SGS from pulmonary pathology, but this is the first study to exploit PFTs for distinction of SGS from PVFMD. Given that the flexible laryngoscopic exam used to diagnose PVFMD does not always visualize the subglottis completely, PFTs can be used to increase suspicion of SGS and direct further work-up.
Although the SI and BIS both can assess a patient's level of consciousness and are correlated, they are not in agreement with each other numerically and therefore are not interchangeable. It is difficult to assess each monitor's true responsiveness to acute changes in consciousness level from our study design. The differences between the metrics we observed in this study are most likely due to differences in signal processing methodologies, EEG frequencies employed and signal filtering utilized in the monitors.
We describe our technique for treating facial nerve paralysis (figure I, A) with a novel procedure to achieve lower-face suspension and regional muscle transfer using a Mitek bone-anchored static suture. Our technique is effective in providing satisfactory suspension of the oral comm issure (figure I, B). Mitek anchors (Mitek Surgical Products; Norwood. Mass.) were initially developed to facilitate the attachment of soft tissue to bone in orthopedic surgery. The literature on the use of bone-anchored sutures in the maxillofacial region is limited, but the number of reports has been increasing over the past several years. This has come about mainly because of the development and use of smaller anchors for hand and wrist procedures that has been carried over to facial procedures.
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