Objective: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as the hypomineralization of one or more first permanent molars, which may often also affect permanent incisors. The prevalence rate of MIH has been reported to vary between 2.5%-40.2% in various populations. This study aimed to reveal the general dimensions of MIH and to determine its prevalence in societies to plan long-term disease control programs. Material and Methods: The database obtained by reviewing all studies on the relevant subject in English literature was examined and the prevalence was calculated using the random effect model. All studies were assessed in terms of publication bias while examining the heterogeneity and meta-regression by using sensitivity analysis. Results: A total of 70 studies were included in the study and the prevalence of MIH was calculated to be 11.88% (95% CI 10.2%-12.4%). The sample size explained 99% heterogeneity. Conclusion: This study has revealed that more strategies are needed for the preservation of dental health in this patient group due to the high prevalence of MIH, and there is a need for further prevalence studies involving isolated populations in different parts of the world.
Background: There are a lot of studies in the literature related to dental traumatic injuries. However, most of such studies were carried out on individuals with low socio-economic level and in public clinics or in university clinics giving dental health services. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of traumatic dental injuries occurring in pre-school children of families with high socio-economic level applying to private dental clinics and to measure the incidence of such injuries, to determine the reasons and to assess the count of treatments carried out. Methods: Clinical records of 68 patients in total between the ages of 0-5, 32 of whom were female and 36 of whom were male, having applied to a private dental clinic in Istanbul between February 01 2018 and January 31 2019 were examined; the data were obtained after retrospective assessment. Results: While it was discovered that dental trauma occurred more frequently in male children(52.94%). An increase in the count of traumas was observed between the ages of 1 and 3 and there is a statistically significant relationship between age and frequency of dental trauma (p<0.05). The most common cause of trauma was determined to be ''falling''(72.05%) both in females and males. While the type of dental trauma most frequently encountered was concussion(28.37%), the treatment most frequently conducted for deciduous teeth was determined to be ''examination and monitoring''(36.48%). Conclusions: In addition to the fact that similar findings were obtained in pre-school children in this study in a similar way to the ones in retrospective and prospective studies carried out in the past, it has been revealed that traumatic dental injuries must be assessed carefully during primary dentition and precautions must be taken before the occurrence of trauma, that when it occurs, it must be treated fast and accurately. Keywords: Dental Trauma, Pediatric Dentistry, Retrospective Study, Injury, Preschool Children, Primary Dentition
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) on oral hygiene and gingival health, and to investigate the relationship between these factors and the severity of MIH. Methods: A total of 72 children (48 with MIH and 24 healthy controls) were included in the study. MIH severity was categorized into three groups:mild (n = 16), moderate (n = 16) and severe (n = 16).The modified-Quigley Hein plaque index (m-QHPI) was used to determine oral hygiene, and the gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probe (BOP) were used to determine the gingival status of each subject. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for binary comparisons and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for multiple comparisons. Results: The m-QHPI,GI and BOP were significantly higher in all individuals with MIH compared with the control group. The m-QHPI increased with the severity of MIH (P < 0.001).The GI of the MIH-affected teeth had highly significant increases according to MIH severity (P < 0.05). The mean BOP score for the entire mouth was significantly higher in patients with severe and moderate MIH than mild MIH (P < 0.001). The mean BOP for affected teeth with moderate and severe MIH was significantly higher than the mean BOP of mildly affected teeth (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The presence and severity of MIH might be associated with increased plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation.
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