DNA from tumor samples of 54 patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was analyzed to determine whether proto-oncogene alterations could be correlated with the clinical behavior of lung cancer. Among seven proto-oncogenes tested, changes in the copy number of Ha-ras, c-myc and c-raf-1 were found in only seven tumors. Most of them were epidermoid carcinomas without lymph node involvement (NO). In spite of a localized disease with complete surgical resection, six of these patients relapsed within a mean disease-free interval (DFI) of only 6.5 months. There is a significant correlation between DNA alterations at protooncogene loci and clinical relapse within 12 months of surgical resection ( P < 0.025). Cancer 66:733-739, 1990. N INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES, Cancer lung is theI leading cause of death from cancer in men and the second leading cause in women. Despite modern diagnostic, staging and therapeutic advances, the 5-year survival rate of all cases of lung cancer does not exceed 15%. ' Patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have the best prognosis. Various parameters are predictive of the outcome of surgical resection in operable NSCLC. The current ones utilized are as follows: clinical staging and lymph node mapping, histopathologic type, and general performance of the patient.2 Although these determinants are usually helpful to predict survival, clinicians are sometimes confronted with patients with early
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