When the therapist does not contribute to the achievement of the patient's treatment goals--even when the patient gains some benefit--the patient does not fully profit from the therapy.

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This split picture was interpreted as a sign of a pseudo-process emerging when the therapist one-sidedly allied herself with the patient's capable and seemingly well-functioning parts. The therapists' experiences could be compared to the nonimproved patients' "spinning one's wheels" in therapy. The therapists seem not to have succeeded in adjusting their technique to their patients' core problems, despite attempts to meta-communicate.

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