Background Inequitable representation in journal editorial boards may impact women's career progression across surgical, anesthesia, and obstetric (SAO) specialties. However, data from Latin America are lacking. We evaluated women's representation on editorial boards of Latin America SAO journals in 2021. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis, retrieving journals through Scimago Journal and Country Rank 2020. Journals were included if active, focused on SAO topics, and publicly provided information on editorial board staff. Editorial board member names and positions were extracted from journals' websites. Members were classified into senior (e.g., editor-in-chief), academic (e.g., reviewer), and non-academic roles (e.g., administrative office). Women's representation was predicted from first names using Genderize.io. The number of women SAO physicians per country was obtained from articles and governmental reports. Results We included 19 of 25 identified journals and analyzed 1,318 names. Three anesthesiology, seven obstetric, and nine surgical journals represented five Latin American countries. Women held 17% (224/1,318) of board positions [p \ 0.0001; 95% CI(0.14, 0.19)]. Women held fewer academic roles (14.3%, 155/1,084) compared to senior [28.9%, 64/221 (p \ 0.001)] and non-academic roles [38.4%, 5/13 (p = 0.042)]. Surgical journals had fewer women (7.7%, 58/752) compared to anesthesia [25.5%, 52/204 (p = 0.006)] and obstetrics [31.5%, 114/362 (p \ 0.001)]. Women's proportion on editorial boards increased according to the number of women SAO physicians per country (p \ 0.001). Conclusions Our study assessed the composition of editorial boards from Latin America SAO journals and demonstrated that women remain underrepresented. Our findings highlight the need for regional strategies to advance women's careers across SAO specialties.
Objective: Infodemic, a neologism characterizing an excess of fast-tracked low quality publications, has been employed to depict the scientific research response to the COVID19 crisis. The concept relies on the presumed exponential growth of research output. This study aimed to test the COVID19 infodemic claim by assessing publication rates and patterns of COVID19-related research and a control, a year prior. Design: A Reproduction Number of Publications (Rp) was conceived. It was conceptualized as a division of a week incidence of publications by the average of publications of the previous week. The publication growth rates of preprint and MEDLINE-indexed peer-reviewed literature on COVID19 were compared using the correspondent Influenza output, a year prior, as control. Rp for COVID19 and Influenza papers and preprints were generated and compared and then analyzed in light of the respective growth patterns of their papers and preprints. Main outcomes: Output growth rates and Reproduction Number of Publications (Rp). Results: COVID19 peer-reviewed papers showed a fourteen fold increase compared to Influenza papers. COVID19 papers and preprints displayed an exponential growth curve until the 20th week. COVID19 papers displayed Rp=3.17±0.72, while the control group presented Rp=0.97±0.12. Their preprints exhibited Rp=2.18±0.54 and Rp=0.97±0.27 respectively, with no evidence of exponential growth in the control group, as its Rp remained approximately one. Conclusions: COVID19 publications displayed an epidemic pattern. As the growth patterns of COVID19 peer-reviewed articles and preprints were similar, and the majority of the COVID19 output came from indexed journals, not only authors but also editors appear to had played a significant part on the infodemic. Review protocol: https://osf.io/q3zkw/?view_only=ff540dc4630b4c6e9a2639d732047324 Ethical aspects: No ethical clarence was required as all analyzed data were publicly available.
Os objetivos deste artigo são relatar o caso de um paciente diagnosticado com proteinose alveolar pulmonar (PAP) após piora do quadro clínico decorrente da infecção por covid-19 e realizar uma revisão sobre a PAP na busca de promover o maior conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre essa comorbidade. Participou da pesquisa um paciente de 48 anos de idade, sexo masculino, com relato de quadro de tosse e dispneia há um ano, apresentando exacerbação do quadro respiratório após infecção por SARS-CoV-2, com necessidade de início de suporte de oxigênio via cateter nasal devido à diminuição da saturação e ao comprometimento das atividades da vida diária. Foi realizada tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução do tórax (TCAR) e evidenciada pavimentação em mosaico com comprometimento difuso dos campos pulmonares. Conforme achados clínicos e radiológicos compatíveis com PAP, o paciente foi submetido à lavagem pulmonar total e apresentou melhora da dispneia e da tosse. A proteinose alveolar pulmonar é uma doença que merece relevância devido ao comprometimento clínico que pode ocasionar ao paciente. É necessário um acompanhamento médico periódico para observar a evolução da doença e definir a conduta terapêutica conforme apresentação clínica de cada enfermo. Por vezes, pode ser necessário repetir a lavagem pulmonar total e em casos refratários, buscar alternativas terapêuticas. Tendo em vista o envolvimento pulmonar e os sintomas semelhantes a infecções por SARS-CoV-2, é importante atentar para os diagnósticos diferenciais.
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