Objective: To review the neurologic manifestations of AIDS in patients who were admitted to Hospital Guilherme Álvaro (HGA) due to any clinical manifestation of the disease. Design: Case series. Patients: All HIV+ patients admitted to the Faculty Hospital (HGA) between July 96 and April 97 were included in this review. Results: From the 117 HIV+ patients admitted to hospitalization due to AIDS-related symptoms, 50 (42.7%) presented neurologic manifestations. The most prevalent of these was neurotoxoplamosis (68%), but a variety of other neurologic diseases were observed. Only 36% of these 50 patients had neurological signs and symptoms as the main complaint for admission, 12% of the patients had at least complained of some neurologic dysfunction at the time of admission and 10% had no neurologic complaints at all. The remaining 42% (21 patients) only complained of neurologic manifestations of AIDS when specifically asked. Conclusions: The prevalence of neurologic manifestations of AIDS is very high in patients admitted to hospital. Even in the absence of neurologic-related complaints, these patients have to be carefully questioned and examined in the search for an underlying neurologic complication which may present high morbidity and mortality.
A large
part of the world’s population is affected by Alzheimer’s
disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus type 2, which cause both social
and economic impacts. These two conditions are associated with one
protein, AMPK. Studies have shown that vanadium complexes, such as
bis(N′,N′-dimethylbiguanidato)-oxovanadium(IV),
VO(metf)2·H2O, are potential agents against
AD. A crucial step in drug design studies is obtaining information
about the structure and interaction of these complexes with the biological
targets involved in the process through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
However, MD simulations depend on the choice of a good force field
that could present reliable results. Moreover, general force fields
are not efficient for describing the properties of metal complexes,
and a VO(metf)2·H2O-specific force field
does not yet exist; thus, the proper development of a parameter set
is necessary. Furthermore, this investigation is essential and relevant
given the importance for both the scientific community and the population
that is affected by this neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, the
present work aims to develop and validate the AMBER force field parameters
for VO(metf)2·H2O since the literature
lacks such information on metal complexes and investigate through
classical molecular dynamics the interactions made by the complex
with the protein. The proposed force field proved to be effective
for describing the vanadium complex (VC), supported by different analyses
and validations. Moreover, it had a great performance when compared
to the general AMBER force field. Beyond that, MD findings provided
an in-depth perspective of vanadium complex–protein interactions
that should be taken into consideration in future studies.
:
This review article aims to address the main features of breast cancer. Thus, the general aspects of this disease have been shown since the first evidence of breast cancer in the world until the numbers today. In this way, there are some ways to prevent breast cancer, such as the woman's lifestyle (healthy eating habits and physical activities) that helps to reduce the incidence of this anomaly. The first noticeable symptom of this anomaly is typically a lump that feels different from the rest of the breast tissue. More than 80% of breast cancer are discovered when the woman feels a lump being present and about 90% of the cases, the cancer is noticed by the woman herself. Currently, the most used method for the detection of cancer and other injuries is the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique. This technique has been shown to be very effective, however, for a better visualization of the images, contrast agents (CAs) are used, which are paramagnetic compounds capable of increasing the relaxation of the hydrogen atoms of the water molecules present in the body tissues. The most used CAs are Gd3+ complexes, although they are very efficient, they are toxic to the organism. Thus, new contrast agents have been studied to replace Gd3+ complexes, we can mention iron oxides as a promising substitute.
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