Recently, the number of studies regarding the physiological activities of food‐derived bioactives and food components with functional properties has greatly increased. Many studies have emphasised the beneficial effects of polyphenols regarding their antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti‐inflammatory properties. This study highlights their application in dairy products, notes in which form they are applied and discusses the effects on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of products, although some dairy matrices remain unexploited. It was noted that the inclusion of polyphenols improves not only the antioxidant properties but also, in some cases, the sensory attributes. This review also includes the synthesis, classification and beneficial effects of polyphenols.

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The dairy market is hugely competitive, with dairy industries always looking for new products to reach the consumer. Projective techniques, such as the Completion task, are great allies in this process, as they identify consumer needs and expectations, which helps in developing brand new, more competitive products. Petit-Suisse cheese is a product which is well established in the Brazilian dairy market; however, its consumption is restricted to children and has few sales variations. The objective of the present work was to investigate the consumers' perception about Petit-Suisse and to identify possibilities of market expansion for this product category, through the technique of Completion task. According to the participants, Petit-Suisse is a widely accepted product, and its recognition was strongly related to the brand. Besides, although considered a product intended primarily for children, as a snack option, there is a substantial market possibility for the consumption of this product by other groups. Completion task made it possible to identify that there are different aspects of Petit-Suisse cheese, like flavor, composition and functional appeal that can still be explored by the dairy industry in making more competitive products on the market.

The consumption of teas has been increasing with the dissemination of information regarding the health benefits of its constituents. Obtaining food products with healthier profiles is already a reality for industry with the increasing development of new functional ingredients, including the use of tea and its derivatives (extracts). This work aimed to evaluate the encapsulation of green tea extract powder in lipid microparticles (LMP) by the spray chilling method and in ionic gelation microparticles (IGMP) by the ionic gelation method to obtain polyphenolrich water insoluble components. Microparticles were adequately obtained in both methods, with typical physical characteristics consistent with the results in literature results, 83.5 ± 2.8% encapsulation efficiency for LMP and 72.6 ± 0.4% for IGMP, and antioxidant activity (IC50 lg/ mL) of 33,169.4 ± 123.8 (IGMP) and 2099.7 ± 35.3 (LMP). The microparticles samples were considered suitable as ingredients for add polyphenols in foods.

The aim of this study was to evaluate lactose hydrolysis between two different initial temperatures of enzymatic and fermentation action to improve the fermentation period by checking the components formed and hydrolysis levels of lactose by HPLC. pH and titratable acidity analysis between treatments - higher initial temperature (HIT), 42 ºC, and lower initial temperature (LIT), 30 ºC - were different (P<0.05) during the fermentation process. HIT obtained lower pH and higher titratable acidity values as 4.6±0.04 and 0.73±0.01 g lactic acid.100 mL-1, respectively, against 4.82±0.01 and 0.64±0.01 g lactic acid.100 mL-1 from LIT. Lactose content was different (P<0.05) between treatments while fermenting; however, at the end of the fermentation, it reached 4.565±0.34 mg.mL-1 and 4.398±0.18 mg.mL-1 for LIT and HIT (P>0,05), respectively. Glucose and galactose remained buoyant during the fermentation period, which indicates its production and consumption at the same time by the lactic acid bacteria involved. The lactic acid concentration in LIT was higher (P<0.05) (18.64±0.62 mg.mL-1) than in HIT (17.56±0.53 mg.mL-1) although citric and acetic acids content decreased throughout the process. In conclusion, the lactase enzyme contributed to reduce the lactose content without affecting the fermentation process. In addition, both treatments obtained lower values of lactose, which is sufficient for the consumption by those who have lactose malabsorption.

The research aimed to evaluate the behavior of different concentrations of lutein added in sheep milk yogurt. The work verified the effect on acidity, pH, color, lutein degradation, and recovery during storage. Different added lutein concentration into yogurt were comparedI: 0.00 mg; 3.0 mg; 3.45 mg; and 3.9 mg (•100 mL-1). Analyzes were performed on days 1 st , 15 th , 30 th , and 45 th of refrigerated storage (5 °C). Lutein did not influence fermentation patters, but post acidification was observed, mainly in groups with the highest lutein concentrations. The amount of lutein recovered was different between groups (P < 0.05) due to treatment. Some differences (P < 0.05) in the same treatment occurred over time, tending to decrease lutein recovery. For all treatments, up to the end of storage, the final amount of lutein characterized the product as a nutritional source of this element. However, lutein recovery in G4 has reached the minimum daily intake recommended by researchers for health benefits. Recovery ranged from 81.9 ± 0.76•100-1 (w•w-1) to 76.31 ± 1.07•100-1 (w•w-1) on the storage period. L* has no difference (P > 0.05) between groups with different added lutein concentrations. On contrast, a*, b*, c*, and YO (yellowness index) were different (P < 0.05).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behavior of E. coli O157:H7 during lactose hydrolysis and fermentation of traditional and low lactose yogurt. It also aimed to verify E. coli O157:H7 survival after 12 h of storage at 4 °C ±1 °C. Two different types of yogurts were prepared, two with whole milk and two with pre-hydrolyzed whole milk; in both groups one yogurt was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and the other one was not inoculated. The survival of E. coli and pH of yogurt were determined during fermentation and after 12-h refrigeration. The results showed that E. coli O157:H7 was able to grow during the fermentation period (from 4.34 log CFU.mL -1 to 6.13 log CFU.mL -1 in traditional yogurt and 4.34 log CFU.mL -1 to 6.16 log CFU.mL -1 in low lactose yogurt). The samples with E. coli O157:H7 showed gas formation and syneresis. Thus, E. coli O157:H7 was able to survive and grow during fermentation of traditional and low lactose yogurts affecting the manufacture technology. Moreover, milk contamination by E. coli before LAB addition reduces the growth of L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus especially when associated with reduction of lactose content Keywords: β-galactosidase; EHEC; fermented milk; lactic acid bacteria; lactose hydrolysis. ResumoObjetivou-se no presente estudo avaliar o comportamento da E. coli O157:H7 durante o processo de hidrólise da lactose e fermentação de iogurte tradicional e com teor reduzido de lactose. Além disso, objetivou-se verificar a viabilidade da E. coli O157:H7 e a viabilidade das bactérias ácido láticas após 12 h de estocagem a 4 °C ±1 °C. Dois diferentes tipos de iogurte com amostras controle e amostras inoculadas foram preparados, sendo dois com leite integral e dois com leite integral pré-hidrolisado; em ambos os grupos um foi inoculado com E. coli O157:H7 e um não foi inoculado. A 2 Cienc. anim. bras., Goiânia, v.18, 1-9, e-39554, 2017Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival in traditional and low lactose yogurt during fermentation sobrevivência da E. coli e o pH dos iogurtes foram determinados durante a fermentação e após 12h de refrigeração. A partir dos resultados observou-se que a E. coli O157:H7 foi capaz de se multiplicar ou manter-se viável durante a fermentação (4,34 UFC.mL -1 para 6,13 UFC.mL -1 no iogurte tradicional e 4,34 UFC.mL -1 para 6,16 log UFC.mL -1 em iogurte com lactose reduzida). Nas amostras inoculadas com E. coli O157:H7 houve formação de gás e sinérese. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que a E. coli O157:H7 foi capaz de sobreviver e de se multiplicar durante a fermentação afetando a tecnologia de fabricação. Além disso, a contaminação do leite antes da adição das BAL reduziu o crescimento de L. bulgaricus e S. thermophilus, especialmente quando associado à redução da lactose. Palavras-chave: β-galactosidase; bactérias ácido láticas; EHEC; hidrólise da lactose; leite fermentado.

The food industry has presented a great diversification of products with different flavors, textures, and target consumers. In particular, the dairy dessert branch presents a wide range of milkand dairy-based products. Chocolate-flavored dairy desserts are one of the most common types of commercial desserts in Brazil. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate the sensory and instrumental attributes of chocolate dairy desserts available in the local market. Five brands of commercial dairy desserts available in retail markets were evaluated for their instrumental color, apparent viscosity and sensory attributes to determine how they affect consumers’ perceptions using penalty analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. A lack of uniformity between the analyzed samples was observed, a fact confirmed by the sensory perspective since for most of the attributes, consumers considered the samples to be above or below the ideal, and overall liking, color and flavor were the most significant attributes that could positively influence the buying decision. The attributes of sensory and instrumental analysis could be an important tool for the food industry to determine the points of weakness of products and the desires of target consumers.