Introduction: Immunization is the primary method of preventing influenza. The objective of this study was to describe reasons and determine causes of acceptance or refusal of the influenza vaccine by elderly people. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study included elderly patients (aged >60 years) from the City of Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil. Results: The sample comprised 185 people; 71.9% reported receiving the vaccine and 21% claimed to have experienced complications. Conclusions: The vaccination coverage was below the national goal; the reasons for not being vaccinated was "did not want to receive the vaccine", in addition to "forgot".