Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common inherited disease in Brazil. Patients are known to suffer physical, emotional and social impairment and their quality of life may well be involved. Method: The quality of life of sickle cell disease patients treated in Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Goiás was evaluated. Sixty patients with ages ranging from 14 to 60 years old were interviewed. The WHOQOL-Bref (a quality of life validation instrument of the World Health Organization), and the ethnicalracial, and sociodemographic questionnaires were administered. A standard error of 5% (p-value ≤ 0.05) was considered acceptable. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27 years old, 53.3% of the patients were women, 71.7% were single and 51.7% had completed elementary school. The majority classified themselves as mulattos (46.7%) and the minority Blacks (11.7%). Only 6.7% considered themselves victims of racial discrimination because of their skin color but 33.3% considered themselves victims of discrimination due to sickle cell disease. The patients 48.3% reported an association between their disease and their skin color. The quality of life was considered bad by 6.7% and good by 70%. A total of 48.3% considered their lives to be satisfactory and 23.3% to be unsatisfactory. The scores obtained from the WHOQOL-Bref (from 0 to 100) were: 57.32 for physical, 66.03 for psychological, 69.86 for social and 52.76 for environmental domains. There were significant correlations of discrimination due to the disease with educational level and age with all the WHOQOL-Bref domains. Conclusion: Sickle cell disease significantly limits the quality of life of patients. Also, sickle cell disease, coinciding with the racial miscegenation, is losing its "black-related disease" character in Brazil.