Objective To establish the prevalence, risk factors and implications of suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection among healthcare workers in the United Kingdom (UK). Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting UK-based primary and secondary care. Participants Healthcare workers aged ≥18 years working between 1 February and 25 May 2020. Main outcome measures A composite endpoint of laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, or self-isolation or hospitalisation due to suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Results Of 6,152 eligible responses, the composite endpoint was present in 1,806 (29.4%) healthcare workers, of whom 49 (0.8%) were hospitalised, 459 (7.5%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and 1,776 (28.9%) reported self-isolation. Overall, between 11,870 and 21,158 days of self-isolation were required by the cohort, equalling approximately 71 to 127 working days lost per 1,000 working days. The strongest risk factor associated with the presence of the primary composite endpoint was increasing frequency of contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases without adequate personal protective equipment (PPE): ‘Never’ (reference), ‘Rarely’ (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, (95% confidence interval: [0.87–1.29])), ‘Sometimes’ (1.7 [1.37–2.10]), ‘Often’ (1.84 [1.28–2.63]), ‘Always’ (2.93, [1.75–5.06]). Additionally, several comorbidities (cancer, respiratory disease, and obesity); working in a ‘doctors’ role; using public transportation for work; regular contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients; and lack of PPE were also associated with the presence of the primary endpoint. A total of 1,382 (22.5%) healthcare workers reported lacking access to PPE items while having clinical contact with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases. Conclusions Suspected or confirmed COVID-19 was more common in healthcare workers than in the general population and is associated with significant workforce implications. Risk factors included inadequate PPE, which was reported by nearly a quarter of healthcare workers. Governments and policymakers must ensure adequate PPE is available as well as developing strategies to mitigate risk for high-risk healthcare workers during future COVID-19 waves.

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Nursing must not be caught on the wrong side of history" "There are decades where nothing happens; and there are weeks when decades happen."attributed to Vladimir Ilyich Lenin This is a watershed moment in history that could change everything. How could we consider writing about leadership programmes, workforce, educational levels, clinical hours, or the like, at a time like this? We are almost halfway through the 2020 'International Year of the Nurse and Midwife' (IYNM) and already what might once have been the solid ground of an IYNM editorial is now shifting sands under our feet. Nurses from diverse backgrounds, countries, and structural positions, but with a shared global concern, have come together here to call for an immediate challenging and dismantling of the views, behaviours, and organizational structures that have supported, perpetuated, and enabled the racism, injustices, and inequities that still pervade much of nursing and health care. Such racism has often made services and organizations unwelcoming and unsafe places for Black Asian and Minority Ethnic/Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BAME/BIPOC) nurses.

This study has demonstrated the importance of social media in supporting informal peer-peer learning and support, augmenting online and offline relationships, and building professional identity as a nurse.

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The results demonstrated that nursing care and health promotion materials should emphasise on obesity, overweight and management of these through diet and physical activity to prevent stroke occurring.