This study aims to calculate the predictive number of cycles applied to femoral prostheses made with ASTM F138 and ASTM F75 alloys. A hip prosthesis is typically subjected to cyclic loads commensurate with the patient’s weight in response to each step and hence requires a cyclic compression stress approach. Austenitic stainless steels have been used in surgical applications over many years due to low cost, good mechanical properties and resistance to corrosion. The CrCoMo alloy features higher corrosion resistance compared to ASTM F138 stainless steel. In order to perform finite element analysis, two software were used: Autodesk® Inventor® 2013 and Autodesk® Simulation 2015. The formatting of the simulation followed the parameters established in the ISO 7206-4: 2016 ABNT NBR standard, the applied load was 2,3 kN with an angle of 10 degrees with respect to the frontal plane and 9 degrees with respect to the lateral plane. As for the static analysis, the prosthesis composed of ASTM F138 material presented satisfactory results, and the prosthesis made with the ASTM F75 alloy failed. Both prostheses did not exceed 5 million cycles in the dynamic load application.
Titanium has been widely used in the area of biomaterials, the segment of manufacture of products for rehabilitation goes through a constant evolution, because each year new techniques appear, new technologies that help in the development of biomaterials, these evolutions are mostly aimed at cost reduction, osseointegration, biocompatibility among other factors. The objective of this article is to carry out the analysis of the fixation screws of the femur prosthesis and hip prostheses, manufactured in titanium alloy ASTM 136. The use of titanium alloys in orthopedic, dental and aeronautical applications has increased in recent decades. The use of titanium in biomaterials is due to its singularities in the physiological environment and its favorable chemical and mechanical properties such as good resistance to corrosion, high degree of biocompatibility and low modulus of elasticity. For the fixation screws, analyzes of their resistance to torsion and the fracture surfaces of the tested samples were performed, for the analyzes were used Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and semiquantitative analysis of the chemical elements by X-ray spectroscopy by dispersion in (EDS) and for the hip prosthesis, the fatigue test will be carried out according to ABNT NBR 7206-6. These tests aim to verify if both are able to be sold on the national market. With the tests completed, the results were compared with the standards in force. The results of the torsion tests are presented, where all samples met the quality requirements and the hip prostheses showed a stable behavior during the 10.000.000 million cycles, without failures during or after the tests.
Titanium and its alloys are widely used as biomaterials in hard tissue replacements due to their unique physiological environment responses and chemical and mechanical properties, such as corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and ductility. Other metals used as biomaterials have elastic modulus with values ten times higher than human bone, which can cause failure when there are impacts. Several studies report hip prosthesis failures due to fatigue. This article aims to carry out studies on the mechanical properties and fatigue resistance in an environment that simulates those of the joints of the human body, using hip prostheses manufactured with Ti 6Al 4V alloy with hydroxyapatite coating. Samples were taken from the neck region for microstructural characterization to identify grain size, inclusions, microhardness, tensile test, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence,e, and X-ray diffraction also performed. After applying more than 10,000,000 cycles with compressive forces ranging from -0.3 kN to -3.0 kN, no cracks were found and it was observed that the part suffered only elastic deformations.
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