The GPS is a satellite navigation system that provides location and time information. Such a system currently supports critical applications for military, civil and commercial users worldwide and is accessible to any operator by using a single GPS receiver. However, although being too dependent on GPS signals, just a few of these applications present some kind of countermeasure to electromagnetic attacks, showing a high level of vulnerability to intentional attacks. In this paper, we pose questions and situations related to security and vulnerability of different kinds of platforms/vectors and systems which directly afflict the situational awareness of operators. Experiments were made with different general GPS receivers as a function of distance and incidence angle, showing that they fail to work even at low jamming powers (−25 and 0 dBm at 10 m). More complex GPS systems, such as aeronautical receivers, were also tested, losing completely the tracking at −30 dBm, when a 0° (levelled) and 10 m far electromagnetic jamming signal is incident on its antenna. A specific open source, free software (JammPy) allows extending these experimental results, providing a roadmap and estimating how much jamming power is necessary to cause damage to these systems.
The Directed Infrared CounterMeasure (DIRCM) is an infrared countermeasure that is employed against different kinds of infrared missiles. Its purpose is to make missiles miss the target, by jamming their infrared reticle seekers or by dazzling the imaging seekers. In this manuscript, we developed a software in MatLab which simulates three different infrared first-generation seekers, to evaluate DIRCM’s jamming effects on signal processing and in target tracking. Using three different reticles, it’s noteworthy the influence of some of the DIRCM’s parameters, such as pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and intensity. The highest jamming efficiency is achieved when its PRF is close of the seeker’s reticle spinning frequency. In order to evaluate the effects of an open loop DIRCM, a composite DIRCM jamming waveform was modeled and tested against the three different modeled seekers. This approach achieved the optical break lock in all three seekers in less than 0.7 seconds.
O crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB) demanda, cada vez mais, o desenvolvimento de técnicas que permitam a avaliação e predição do desempenho de sistemas complexos. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho propõe um modelo de simulação para engajamentos de mísseis infravermelhos, empregando-se um cenário virtual cujas características correspondem a parâmetros radiométricos. Como estudo de caso, apresenta-se o modelamento da assinatura infravermelha de uma aeronave Boeing 737, em múltiplas bandas de interesse do espectro infravermelho. Além disso, modelamentos de autodiretores de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª gerações foram estudados e apresentados. Por fim, processos de integração do cenário em realidade virtual com a dinâmica do míssil e com as contramedidas infravermelhas foram descritos.
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