Skin damage and infection pose a severe challenge to human health. Construction of a novel versatile dressing with good anti‐infection and healing‐promoting abilities is greatly expected. In this paper, nature‐source‐based composite microspheres with dual antibacterial mechanisms and bioadhesive features by microfluidics electrospray for infected wound healing is developed. The microspheres enable sustained release of copper ions, which not only show long‐term antibacterial properties, but also play important role in wound‐healing‐related angiogenesis. Additionally, the microspheres are coated with polydopamine via self‐polymerization, which renders the microspheres adhesive to the wound surface, and further enhance the antibacterial ability through photothermal energy conversion. Based on the dual antibacterial strategies provided by copper ions and polydopamine as well as the bioadhesive property, the composite microspheres exhibit excellent anti‐infection and wound healing performances in a rat wound model. These results, along with the nature‐source‐based composition and biocompatibility, indicate the great potential of the microspheres in clinical wound repair.
Tissue injury, one of the most common traumatic injuries in daily life, easily leads to secondary wound infections. To promote wound healing and reduce scarring, various kinds of wound dressings, such as gauze, bandages, sponges, patches, and microspheres, have been developed for wound healing. Among them, microsphere-based tissue dressings have attracted increasing attention due to the advantage of easy to fabricate, excellent physicochemical performance and superior drug release ability. In this review, we first introduced the common methods for microspheres preparation, such as emulsification-solvent method, electrospray method, microfluidic technology as well as phase separation methods. Next, we summarized the common biomaterials for the fabrication of the microspheres including natural polymers and synthetic polymers. Then, we presented the application of the various microspheres from different processing methods in wound healing and other applications. Finally, we analyzed the limitations and discussed the future development direction of microspheres in the future.
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