Introduction: In the internet era we live in, it is very easy to access information. While this situation has positive effects for patients using the internet, it also brings some negative effects. The effects of the quality of YouTube™ videos on nasopharyngeal cancer were examined. Methods: “Nasopharyngeal Cancer” as search term was used to conduct a search on YouTube™. The ‘Sort by’ search filter was set at ‘relevance’, which is the default for YouTube™ searches. The first 250 results were reviewed and analyzed. After the videos were eliminated according to the exclusion criteria, 45 videos were evaluated by two authors. Video materials were categorized according to “video type” and “source of content”. According to “video type” and “source of content” the videos were categorized into two as educational and testimonial and three as medical institution, medical website, and individual users. After recording the features of all evaluated videos, accuracy score, audiovisual score, modified discern score, patient education materials assessment tool for audiovisual materials (PEMAT) score and usefulness score were determined for each video to evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and understandability of the videos. Results: The usefulness score, modified discern score, and accuracy score of the educational videos were significantly higher than testimonial videos (p<0.001 for all). Educational videos provided more useful and accurate video content than testimonial videos. In addition, it was also determined that the median PEMAT actionability score and audiovisual score of the individual group were statistically significantly lower than medical institutions and medical websites (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The videos provided by medical institutions, including universities, did not have a significant advantage over other groups in terms of accuracy, reliability, and usefulness. Conclusion: Healthcare videos concerning nasopharyngeal cancer on YouTube™ are heterogeneous and are not peer reviewed. Therefore, medical professions on nasopharyngeal cancer need to upload more accurate, reliable and easy to understand videos onto online platforms such as YouTube™.

Purpose Our aim was to analyze the patients with diabetic rhino-orbital–cerebral mucormycosis that we have treated in our clinic in the last 5 years, and to reveal the altering conditions with COVID-19. Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted on 39 rhino-orbital–cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) patients with diabetes mellitus between 2017 and 2022. The patients were divided into two groups as those associated with and not associated with COVID-19 and compared. Results Thirty-nine diabetic patients were included in the study, with 15 (38.5%) of them being COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) group. CAM patients showed higher orbital involvement and cavernous sinus involvement ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.013, respectively). The mortality rate in the non-COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (non-CAM) group was statistically higher in patients with intracranial and cavernous sinus involvement ( p = 0.015 and p = 0.033, respectively). The difference between the overall survival of the CAM patients and non-CAM patients was not statistically significant ( p = 0.741). Conclusions With COVID-19, progressive mucormycosis accompanied by orbital and intracranial involvement is observed more frequently. However, on the contrary, the mortality rate in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis is considerably lower than expected. The fact that temporary immune suppression can be ameliorated with adequate supportive treatment and liposomal amphotericin-B which can be given to patients in high doses may explain this situation. It has been attained hints that the essential factor in the treatment of COVID-19-associated ROCM is the control of the underlying disease and to be cautious in the decision of early aggressive surgery.

Objective: Despite all the recent advancements, larynx cancer has shown no improvement in survival rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of toll-like receptor (TLR)- 2, -3 , and -4 genes, and determine any relationships with the histopathologic characteristics of the disease. Methods: This retrospective study included 50 subjects who underwent total or partial laryngectomy with an open surgical method for larynx squamous cell carcinoma. Measurements of TLRs-2, -3, and -4 expression values were taken with quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction in normal tissue and tumor tissue samples of the patients. Results: Evaluations were made of TLR-2, -3, and -4 mRNA expressions according to 2 -ΔΔCT calculations in 50 subjects with larynx cancer. When the tumor tissue was compared with the healthy tissue from the same subjects, reductions were determined in TLR expression in 86%, 84%, and 82%, respectively. This reduction in each gene expression was statistically significant (p<0.001). No statistically significant correlation was determined between the change in TLR-2, -3, and -4 expression and the histopathologic characteristics of the disease. Conclusion: The data obtained in this study demonstrated that TLR-2, -3, and -4 expressions were reduced in larynx squamous cell cancer. The results of further studies targeting these genes would be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Giriş: Oral kavite, baş boyun kanserlerinin en sık görüldüğü bölgedir. İlk basamak tedavisi cerrahi olan bu kanserlerin, rezeksiyonu sonrası oluşan defektlerin rekonstrüksiyonu karmaşık bir süreçtir. Bunun için altın standart yaklaşım mikrovasküler serbest fleptir. Bununla birlikte, uzun süreli cerrahiye uygun olmayan yaşlı, kötü beslenmesi olan, ek komorbit hastalıkları olan hastalarda pediküllü flep kullanımı değerli bir seçenek olmaya devam etmektedir. Tartışma: Submental ada flebi oral kavite rekonstrüksiyonlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hastaların yutma ve konuşma fonksiyonları, genel ve lokal nüks oranları için serbest fleplerle submental ada flebi arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Ayrıca submental ada flebi daha kısa ameliyat süresi, daha kısa hastanede kalış süresi ve dönor sahada daha az komplikasyon sayısı gibi önemli avantajlara sahiptir. Sonuç: Submental ada flebi özellikle mikrovasküler cerrahi için zayıf aday olan hastalarda tümör rezeksiyonu sonrası onkolojik sonuçlardan ödün vermeden oral kavite defektlerinin rekonstrüksiyonu için uygun bir seçenektir.

No abstract