Countertransference (CT) includes a full range of cognitive, affective and behavioral responses that therapists experiment with their patients. Countertransference is closely related to Empathy; defined as the ability to understand and share emotional experiences and mental states of others. The Countertransference Questionnaire (CTQ, by Betan et al measures and groups countertransference within seven factors, including an Empathic-Involved CT factor (EICT). Empathic researched has showed that female health professionals present higher scores on empathy scales than men. OBJECTIVE: describe the relationship, if any, between sex and scores in the Empathic-Involved CT factor (EICT), in a group of observers and interviewers during a first psychotherapy interview. METHOD: An adapted version of the Countertransference Questionnaire (CTQ), made by Betan et al, was applied to a group of psychiatry residents and teaching psychiatrists after observing a first psychodynamic psychotherapy interview through a one way mirror room during the year 2013. RESULTS: Women, with a median of 27, scored significantly higher than the group of men, with a median of 25 for EICT (Mann-Whittney, U = 2263, p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that female residents and psychiatry faculty scored higher for EICT than their male colleagues. These findings suggest and are consistent with lliterature research, where female health professionals present more empathy compared to their male colleagues. A limitation of this study is the homogeneity of the sample, since all interviews were observed and / or performed by the same professional.
IntroductionCountertransference (CT) includes a full range of cognitive, affective and behavioral responses that therapists experiment with their patients. Recent evidence indicates that countertransference can help understand the psychological reality of the patient, and also be a prognostic indicator of treatment.Objectiveto evaluate the relationship between countertransference and the patient´s psychopathology.MethodAn adapted Countertransference Questionnaire (CTQ), made by Betan et al, was applied to a group of psychiatry residents and teaching psychiatrists after observing a first psychodynamic psychotherapy interview through a one way mirror during the year 2013. The patients clinical severity was measured with the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI- severity of illness), and then categorized into mild (3), moderate (4) and severe (5).Resultswe found statistically significant difference between the three groups of CGI in the scores of the CTQ factor of Empathic-Involved countertransference (Kruskal-Wallis test X2 = 17.335, p <.000) with mean values of 65, 03 (mild), 124,57 (moderate) and 72,58 (severe) and in the Distant-Rejecting countertransference factor (Kruskal-Wallis test X2 = 29.045, p < .000) with mean values of 82,44 (mild), 39,67 (moderate) and 83,30 (severe).Fig 1Countertransference (CTQ) and Severity of Illness (CGI)ConclusionWe have found controversy in the literature regarding countertransference and the patients severity of illness. Our results suggest that psychiatry residents and faculty react with less Empathic-Involved CT, and more Distant-Rejecting CT in the mild and severe patients (CGI).
Adaptación y validación de un cuestionario para evaluar contratransferencia en una sesiónAdaptation and validation of a questionnaire to asses countertransference in a session M. Alejandra Ramírez C.
In Introduction to Metaphysics (1903) Bergson suggests thinking intuition as a method that is positioned, by means of a simple and immediate act, within the scope of knowledge. The Franco-German psychiatrist Eugene Minkowski (The Schizophrénie, 1927) echoes this distinction by sustaining that psychiatric diagnosis should be able to penetrate, as intuition does, into psychic states of the individual suffering from a morbid condition (diagnosis by penetration). Minkowski adds to the dimension of intuition as a method, the concept that intuition defines the space-time structures within the psychotic lived experience (Les temps vécu, 1933). Thus, intuition, which determines the position of a subject in the world, by means of adopting particular characteristics (fixation or excessive dynamism, morbid geometrism, etc.), provides elements to identify the presence of psychosis. In this sense, the definition of schizophrenia as a loss of vital contact with reality (concept of autism), results from a rigorous study of the structures that define the architecture of intuition in the psychotic subject. Our presentation aims at identifying the double importance suggested by Minkowski to the concept of intuition, as it represents a method of knowledge and, at the same time, as a fundamental element in the structure of the lived experience of a subject.
IntroductionClinical studies had shown a correlation between mindfulness and changes in the immune response. Other studies had observed an interaction between sensory neurons and neuropeptide-mediated immune response.ObjectivesThis research aims to provide theoretical support to carry out a clinical study based on psychoneuroimmunology.MethodsFor this, An epistemological analysis of the concepts of autopoiesis and evocative body was carried out to explain the self-conformation of the organism.ResultsThe result of this analysis indicates that the autopoietic process of the organism can be experienced from the three levels proposed by the concept of the evocative body (preontological, ontological and logical). It is posible to generate a nexus between the preontological and the logical in the autopoietic process through the ontological level. Mindfulness is the tool through which it is possible to access the ontological and thus express the preontological in the logical, thereby generating the theoretical possibility of being able to influence our therapeutic process.ConclusionsThis analysis supports the concept of the self-management in health as a measurable therapeutic tool in a clinical study.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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