Summary1 The spatial and temporal distribution of pine woolly aphids, Pineus boerneri (Homoptera: Adelgidae) a pest of exotic pine trees in Malawi, was investigated in 5‐year‐old Pinus kesiya trees.2 Pineus boerneri was generally found to settle and reproduce on the outer shoot‐end sections of young P. kesiya trees. There was no evidence of preference for any particular levels of the tree canopy.3 The study suggests that the biological performance and, by implication, the pest status of P. boerneri in young P. kesiya trees can be influenced by external factors, particularly by the within‐tree and seasonal fluctuations in the level of nitrogen in the host trees, total rainfall and canopy structure.4 These findings are discussed in relation to possible management and control of P. boerneri in Malawi.
This chapter describes the biological control of 3 pests of conifers in Africa: the cypress aphid, Cinara cupressivora; the woody adelgid, Pineus boerneri; and the black pine aphid, C. cronartii. The distribution and the biological control agents (such as parasitoids and predators) used for controlling these pests are mentioned.
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