Life-forms analysis of the vegetation in Bhitarkanika National Park was carried out based on the data collected from field studies. Of the five life forms, phanerophytes (47.31%) were dominant followed by therophytes (19.89%), cryptophytes (13.44%), chamaephytes (12.37%), and hemicryptophytes (6.99%). The number of therophytes was observed to be higher in littoral scrub and fringe areas of the park due to anthropogenic pressure. Biological spectrum of the study area has been compared with Raunkiaer’s normal spectrum to know the phytoclimate of that region.

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Researchers have carried out numerous studies on low heat rejection (LHR) engines. Among the studies reported, some are experimental and many are theoretical in nature. The thermal barrier coatings (TBC) play a prominent role in LHR engines. Ceramic coatings are TBCs, they shield the base material and high temperature protect the source. The present work is focused on Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) material with a thickness of 500 microns. Is a bond coat which is used a plasma spray Tanique for costed on the required surface. Experimental analysis is carried out on a diesel engine with diesel and Mahua biodiesel with different loading conditions. This study results to expose that brake thermal efficiency is bigger along with lessening of BSFC. The LHR engine reduces the Hydro carbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions drastically but the Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission is increased.